What might allow an invasive species to outcompete a native species?
(a) They use the same shelter or space.
(b)They have no predators, so they can spread rapidly.
(c) They are introduced by humans at high rates.
(d) They eat the same food resources.
All of the options (a), (b), (c), and (d) listed could potentially allow an invasive species to outcompete a native species in different ways:
(a) **They use the same shelter or space.** By using the same shelter or space as native species, invasive species can directly compete with natives for limited resources. If the invasive species are more efficient in exploiting these resources or are more aggressive, they may displace or outcompete the natives.
(b) **They have no predators, so they can spread rapidly.** If invasive species have no natural predators in their new environment, their populations can grow unchecked, which may allow them to overtake habitats and resources more quickly than native species that are regulated by predation.
(c) **They are introduced by humans at high rates.** Repeated introductions by humans can increase the genetic diversity of an invasive species or sustain its numbers at artificially high levels, thereby boosting its potential to colonize new areas and compete with native species.
(d) **They eat the same food resources.** Competition for food can be a direct way invasive species impact native populations. If the invasive species are more efficient at finding and consuming the shared food source, they can deprive the native species of necessary nutrients and energy, leading to the decline of native populations.
All these factors, along with others, can contribute to the success of invasive species over native ones. The impact of these conditions will depend on the specific characteristics of the invasive species, the vulnerabilities of the native species, and the environment in which both are interacting.