How were many of the treaties signed between Indigenous communities and the American government unfair?
These treaties took away land and gave it to other Indigenous communities. They also did not allow Indigenous people to practice their own cultures.
These treaties took away land and gave it to American colonizers. They also did not allow Indigenous people to practice their own cultures.
These treaties were fair. Indigenous people were treated with respect in determining the bargains.
These treaties took away land and gave it to American colonizers. They also did not allow Indigenous people to practice their own cultures unless they received prior permission.
These treaties took away land and gave it to American colonizers. They also did not allow Indigenous people to practice their own cultures unless they received prior permission. Additionally, the treaties were often negotiated and enforced by the American government with unequal power dynamics, leading to unfair and coercive negotiations. Indigenous communities often faced pressure, deception, and coercion to sign treaties that were disadvantageous to them. Furthermore, the treaties were often broken or disregarded by the American government, leading to further injustices and displacement of Indigenous peoples.
How were coffee and sugar plantations in Hawaii a threat to tribal sovereignty?(1 point)
Responses
A. These plantations were not a threat to tribal sovereignty.
B. These plantations used Manifest Destiny to force Indigenous people off their lands.
C. These plantations forced Indigenous people to trap furs or their families would be killed.
D. These plantations forced Indigenous people off the land they had lived on for generations.
D. These plantations forced Indigenous people off the land they had lived on for generations.
The establishment of coffee and sugar plantations in Hawaii resulted in the dispossession of Indigenous lands. Native Hawaiians, who had lived on these lands for generations, were forced off their ancestral territories to make way for these cash crop plantations. This displacement undermined tribal sovereignty, as it disregarded the rights and autonomy of the Indigenous population in determining the use and ownership of their lands.
How did European colonizers use systemic racism to justify their cruelty to Indigenous people?(1 point)
Responses
A. European colonizers molded their society and institutions to benefit Indigenous people, not others.
B. European colonizers believed they were “superior” to no one, which justified their cruelty.
C. European colonizers molded their society and institutions to benefit themselves, not others.
D. European colonizers were not racist or cruel to Indigenous people.
C. European colonizers molded their society and institutions to benefit themselves, not others.
European colonizers often used systemic racism as a means to justify their cruelty towards Indigenous people. They believed in their own racial and cultural superiority, which they used to justify their actions of colonization, dispossession of lands, exploitation, and mistreatment of Indigenous communities. European colonizers created systems and institutions that served their own interests, disregarding the rights, cultures, and sovereignty of Indigenous peoples. This systemic racism served as a basis for colonization and the belief in the inherent inferiority of Indigenous populations, justifying their mistreatment and marginalization.
How did the encomienda system impact the Indigenous peoples of the Americas?(1 point)
Responses
A. The system led to the mistreatment of Indigenous peoples but they were allowed to keep control of their native lands.
B. The system led to the compassionate treatment of Indigenous peoples but also to the theft of their native lands.
C. The system led to the mistreatment of Indigenous peoples and the theft of their native lands.
D. The system had no negative effect on Indigenous peoples or their lands.
C. The system led to the mistreatment of Indigenous peoples and the theft of their native lands.
The encomienda system was a Spanish colonial labor system that granted conquistadors and settlers the right to demand labor and tribute from Indigenous peoples. Under this system, Indigenous communities were forced into labor, often in harsh conditions, and were subjected to widespread mistreatment, abuse, and exploitation. Additionally, the encomenderos often seized Indigenous lands and resources for their own benefit, resulting in the theft and dispossession of native lands. Therefore, the encomienda system had a detrimental impact on Indigenous peoples, leading to their mistreatment and loss of land.
Use the excerpt to answer the question.
“When they have come to an agreement, it happens that adult persons bind themselves in writing to serve 3, 4, 5 or 6 years for the amount due by them, according to their age and strength. But very young people, from 10 to 15 years, must serve till they are 21 years old.”
What is being described in this excerpt from Gottlieb Mittelberger’s Journey to Pennsylvania?
A. the fact that indentured servants took part in forced labor for a number of years, but not forever
B. the fact that people forced into chattel slavery took part in forced labor for a specific number of years
C. the fact that indentured servants took part in forced labor for generations
D. the fact that people forced into chattel slavery took part in forced labor for generations
A. the fact that indentured servants took part in forced labor for a number of years, but not forever
The excerpt from Gottlieb Mittelberger's Journey to Pennsylvania describes the practice of indentured servitude, where individuals would bind themselves in writing to serve a specific number of years (such as 3, 4, 5, or 6 years) to repay a debt or fund their passage. This indicates that the individuals involved in this system of labor were not enslaved for their entire lives, but rather for a predetermined period of time. This distinguishes it from chattel slavery where individuals were forcibly held in bondage for generations without any set term or release.
Which excerpt from the primary source—The Confessions of Nat Turner—supports the statement that he believed he was destined for great things from an early age?(1 point)
Responses
A. “I surely would be a prophet, as the Lord had shewn me things that had happened before my birth.”
B. “You have asked me to give a history of the motives which induced me to undertake the late insurrection, as you call it....”
C. “In this case he has either cut them off or they have nearly disappeared....”
D. “My grand mother, who was very religious, and to whom I was much attached.…”