Egyptian farmers were able to produce enough food to create a surplus due to the favorable geographic conditions of their land. The Nile River provided a consistent water source and fertile soil, allowing for the cultivation of crops such as wheat and barley. The annual flooding of the Nile also replenished nutrients in the soil, ensuring good crop yields. Additionally, the use of advanced irrigation systems, such as canals and shadufs, helped maximize agricultural productivity. The Egyptians also practiced crop rotation to maintain soil fertility. These factors combined enabled farmers to produce a surplus of food, which could be stored for times of scarcity or traded with neighboring regions.
