Both the short story “The Rhinoceros,” by Eugene Ionesco, and the poem “And Yet the Books” by Czeslaw Milosz are works that are critical of the rise of fascism and the Nazi party in Europe in the early part of the 20th century. Though their themes may be similar, the writings reflect very different styles and approaches.
Q: Which of the two works do you like better or that you think is the most effective?
Write a three paragraph essay that briefly summarizes and comments on the writings and explains your view toward them. Be sure to include textual evidence to support your analysis.
In my opinion, I find “The Rhinoceros” by Eugene Ionesco to be the more effective work in critiquing the rise of fascism and the Nazi party in Europe. The play follows the transformation of the inhabitants of a small French town into rhinoceroses, symbolizing the dehumanization and loss of individuality that occurs under fascist ideologies. Ionesco’s use of absurdist elements and dark humor creates a chilling and thought-provoking atmosphere that makes the audience question the dangers of conformity. For example, when the protagonist, Bérenger, witnesses his friends and loved ones turning into rhinoceroses, he resolutely refuses to join them, highlighting the importance of personal integrity in the face of oppressive regimes.
On the other hand, “And Yet the Books” by Czeslaw Milosz, while still critical of fascism, takes a more contemplative and philosophical approach. The poem contemplates the power of ideas, emphasizing the beauty and endurance of literature in times of chaos and destruction. The poet reflects on the resilience of books, stating that “The libraries have been destroyed / But that is not the end of the world.” While these ideas are powerful and evoke a sense of hope, I find that the poem lacks the immediacy and emotional impact that Ionesco achieves in “The Rhinoceros.”
Overall, I believe that “The Rhinoceros” is the more effective work due to its ability to engage and unsettle the audience. Ionesco brings attention to the dangers of fascism by using a combination of absurdity, dark humor, and vivid imagery. The play’s shocking transformation of characters into rhinoceroses serves as a powerful metaphor for the dehumanizing effects of conformity. Moreover, the active resistance of the protagonist, Bérenger, serves as a reminder of the importance of maintaining individuality and integrity in the face of oppressive ideologies. Thus, “The Rhinoceros” offers a more visceral and impactful critique of the rise of fascism in Europe.