Which conditions most likely account for extreme poverty and economic disparity in southeast Asia

Scarcity of nature, resources to support farming and industry
Lack of interest in trade in commercial partnership
Isolationism that limits exposure to modern technologies
Competition among workers for two few jobs and low wages

Corruption and mismanagement of resources by governments

Insufficient access to quality education and healthcare
Political instability and conflicts leading to economic instability
Lack of infrastructure development and inadequate transportation systems
Historical and colonial legacies leading to unequal distribution of wealth and resources
Discrimination based on gender, ethnicity, or social class
Economic dependence on a few industries or sectors