(b) Negative implications of such conflict (5 marks)
1. Loss of life and physical harm: Conflict often results in casualties, including innocent civilians who may be caught in the crossfire. This loss of life is tragic and can have long-lasting impacts on families and communities.
2. Destruction of infrastructure: Conflict can lead to the destruction of vital infrastructure such as roads, bridges, schools, hospitals, and utilities. This can hinder economic development, access to essential services, and create further hardship for the affected population.
3. Displacement and refugee crises: Conflict can force large numbers of people to flee their homes, resulting in internal displacement or refugee crises. Displaced individuals often face challenges in finding shelter, food, and medical care, and their livelihoods are disrupted, creating long-term socio-economic implications.
4. Socio-economic impacts: Conflict can have severe negative impacts on a country's economy, leading to decreased investment, reduced trade, and damaged infrastructure. This can result in unemployment, inflation, poverty, and an overall decline in living standards.
5. Psychological and social consequences: Conflict can have significant psychological and social consequences for individuals and communities. It can lead to trauma, fear, and long-lasting psychological scars. It can also deepen divisions within society, increasing polarization and hampering long-term reconciliation efforts.