The following can be observed in a patient who has Grave's disease
(hyperthyroidism):
a) Drop of the upper eyelid
b) High level of TSH
c) Intolerance to cold
d) High systolic blood pressure
e) Constipation
The correct answers are a) Drop of the upper eyelid and d) High systolic blood pressure.
In Grave's disease, which is a common cause of hyperthyroidism, the immune system mistakenly attacks the thyroid gland, causing it to overproduce thyroid hormones. This overproduction leads to a variety of symptoms.
One of the characteristic signs of Grave's disease is the presence of Graves' ophthalmopathy, which can cause a characteristic "lid lag" or "drop of the upper eyelid." The muscles that control eye movement can be affected, leading to protrusion of the eyes (exophthalmos) and difficulty closing the eyes fully. This can result in dryness, redness, and irritation of the eyes.
High systolic blood pressure can also be observed in patients with Grave's disease. Thyroid hormones have multiple effects on the cardiovascular system, including increased heart rate, increased cardiac output, and increased blood pressure.
The other options are not typically associated with Grave's disease. TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) levels are typically low in Grave's disease due to negative feedback from elevated thyroid hormone levels. Intolerance to cold is more commonly associated with hypothyroidism, and constipation is not a specific symptom of Grave's disease.
Among the options provided, the correct answer is "d) High systolic blood pressure."
Step 1: Reviewing the symptoms of Grave's disease (hyperthyroidism) will help determine the correct answer.
Grave's disease is a condition caused by an overactive thyroid gland, resulting in increased production of thyroid hormones. Symptoms of Grave's disease typically include:
1. Weight loss despite increased appetite
2. Fatigue and muscle weakness
3. Rapid or irregular heartbeat
4. Anxiety and irritability
5. Tremors in the hands and fingers
6. Heat intolerance and excessive sweating
7. Increased sensitivity to light
8. Enlarged thyroid gland (goiter)
9. Bulging of the eyes (exophthalmos)
Step 2: Comparing the symptoms of Grave's disease to the options given in the question, we can eliminate options a), b), c), and e). None of these symptoms are associated with Grave's disease.
Step 3: The remaining option is d) High systolic blood pressure. Although not a classic symptom of Grave's disease, hypertension or high blood pressure can develop as a result of the increased circulating thyroid hormones and the associated increased heart rate.
Therefore, the observed symptom that can be seen in a patient with Grave's disease is "d) High systolic blood pressure."
To determine the correct answer, we need to understand the symptoms and characteristics of Grave's disease, which is a form of hyperthyroidism. Here's what you need to know:
Grave's disease is an autoimmune disorder that leads to overactivity of the thyroid gland, resulting in an excessive production of thyroid hormones. The symptoms of Grave's disease are primarily associated with the increased metabolic rate caused by the excessive thyroid hormone levels. Let's review each option and analyze whether it is observed in a patient with Grave's disease:
a) Drop of the upper eyelid: This symptom is not typically associated with Grave's disease. On the contrary, patients with Grave's disease may experience symptoms such as staring gaze or bulging eyes (exophthalmos) due to inflammation and swelling of the muscles and tissues behind the eyes.
b) High level of TSH: Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH) is produced by the pituitary gland to regulate the thyroid's hormone production. In Grave's disease, the TSH levels are typically suppressed, meaning they are low rather than high. The excessive thyroid hormone production in Grave's disease inhibits the secretion of TSH.
c) Intolerance to cold: Intolerance to cold is not a characteristic symptom of Grave's disease. In fact, patients with Grave's disease usually experience the opposite effect—heat intolerance. They tend to feel hot all the time and may sweat excessively.
d) High systolic blood pressure: While high blood pressure can occur in some cases of Grave's disease, it is not a common or defining symptom. In hyperthyroidism, blood pressure may be increased due to the increased metabolic rate, but it is not necessarily limited to the systolic pressure alone.
e) Constipation: Constipation is not directly related to Grave's disease or hyperthyroidism. It is more commonly associated with an underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism), where the thyroid hormone production is insufficient.
Based on the information above, none of the options a), b), c), d), or e) are correct for symptoms observed in a patient with Grave's disease.