What are the effects of cystic fibrosis?
A. absence of pigment
B. circulatory and cardiovascular diseases
C. respiratory and digestive issues
D. skin disorders
C. respiratory and digestive issues
The effects of cystic fibrosis primarily affect the respiratory and digestive systems (C). Some common effects of cystic fibrosis include:
1. Respiratory Issues: Cystic fibrosis causes the production of thick and sticky mucus in the airways, making it difficult to breathe. This can lead to frequent lung infections, coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath.
2. Digestive Issues: The thick mucus can also affect the digestive system, blocking the ducts of the pancreas and preventing digestive enzymes from reaching the intestines. This can lead to poor nutrient absorption, malnutrition, and deficiencies in vitamins A, D, E, and K.
3. Poor Growth and Weight Gain: Due to the digestive issues and nutrient absorption problems, individuals with cystic fibrosis may experience difficulty gaining weight and growing properly.
4. Sinus and Nasal Problems: Cystic fibrosis can cause recurring sinus infections, nasal polyps, and a chronic stuffy or runny nose.
It is important to note that cystic fibrosis does not cause the absence of pigment (A), circulatory and cardiovascular diseases (B), or skin disorders (D).
The effects of cystic fibrosis include respiratory and digestive issues. To understand this, we need to break down the question and analyze each option.
Option A, absence of pigment, refers to a condition known as albinism, which is not related to cystic fibrosis. So, we can eliminate option A.
Option B, circulatory and cardiovascular diseases, is not a direct effect of cystic fibrosis. Cystic fibrosis primarily affects the respiratory and digestive systems, so we can eliminate option B.
Option C, respiratory and digestive issues, is the correct answer. Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder that primarily affects the mucus-producing cells, causing the mucus to become thick and sticky. This thick mucus clogs the airways, making it difficult to breathe and leading to respiratory problems. It also affects the digestive system by blocking the pancreatic ducts, preventing enzymes from reaching the intestines and resulting in poor digestion.
Option D, skin disorders, is not a typical effect of cystic fibrosis. Skin disorders may occur due to other reasons, but they are not directly related to cystic fibrosis. Therefore, we can eliminate option D.
In conclusion, the correct answer is C, as cystic fibrosis mainly affects the respiratory and digestive systems.