differentiate between the lysogenic and lytic cycles. pick one correct answer
A the host cell copies its own dna during the lytic cycle
B the virus injects dna into the host cell during the lysogenic cycle
C the host cell is destroyed during the lytic cycle
D viral proteins are synthesized during the lysogenic cycle
C the host cell is destroyed during the lytic cycle
The correct answer is:
C) The host cell is destroyed during the lytic cycle.
The correct answer is C - the host cell is destroyed during the lytic cycle.
To understand the difference between the lysogenic and lytic cycles, we should examine each cycle separately:
Lytic Cycle:
1. Attachment: The virus attaches itself to the host cell.
2. Penetration: The virus injects its DNA or RNA into the host cell.
3. Replication and Assembly: The viral DNA or RNA hijacks the host cell's machinery to produce new viral components (proteins and genetic material).
4. Maturation: The viral components are assembled into new viruses.
5. Release: The host cell is destroyed or ruptured, releasing the new viruses that can infect other cells.
Lysogenic Cycle:
1. Attachment and Penetration: Similar to the lytic cycle, the virus attaches itself to the host cell and injects its DNA or RNA into the host cell.
2. Integration: Instead of immediately taking over the host cell's machinery, the viral genetic material becomes incorporated into the host cell's DNA.
3. Dormancy: The integrated viral DNA, known as a prophage or provirus, remains dormant within the host cell's genome.
4. Activation: Under certain circumstances (such as environmental triggers or stress), the viral DNA is activated, initiating the lytic cycle.
5. Replication, Assembly, and Release: Once activated, the virus follows the steps of the lytic cycle, replicating its genetic material, assembling new viruses, and ultimately causing the destruction of the host cell.
In summary, the lysogenic cycle involves the viral DNA integrating itself into the host cell's DNA and remaining dormant, while the lytic cycle results in the destruction of the host cell as new viruses are released. Therefore, the correct answer to differentiate between the two cycles is C - the host cell is destroyed during the lytic cycle.