In which type of reproduction do offspring form on the surface of the parent.

fragmentation
binary fission
budding
vegetative reproduction

Budding

In the type of reproduction where offspring form on the surface of the parent, it is called budding.

The type of reproduction in which offspring form on the surface of the parent is called "budding." To determine this, we can look at the different types of reproduction and understand how they function.

1. Fragmentation: In fragmentation, an organism breaks into multiple fragments, each of which can regenerate into a new organism. Offspring are not formed on the surface of the parent in this process.

2. Binary Fission: Binary fission is a form of asexual reproduction where an organism divides into two equal-sized daughter cells. This process is common in bacteria and other single-celled organisms. Offspring are not formed on the surface but rather through the division of the parent cell.

3. Budding: Budding is a form of asexual reproduction where a new organism develops as an outgrowth or bud from the parent organism. The offspring form on the surface of the parent and eventually separate and become independent organisms.

4. Vegetative reproduction: Vegetative reproduction refers to a form of asexual reproduction where new plants grow from various vegetative parts of existing plants, such as stems, leaves, or roots. Offspring are not forming on the surface of the parent, but rather by regrowth from plant parts.

Therefore, the correct answer is "budding."