The process by which a modified stem or root of a parent plant grows offspring that remain attached is called (1 point)

O binary fission.

fragmentation.

vegetative reproduction.

O tuber reproduction.

vegetative reproduction.

The correct answer is vegetative reproduction.

To find the answer to this question, we need to understand the given options and their meanings.

1. Binary fission: Binary fission is a type of asexual reproduction in which an organism divides into two genetically identical offspring. This process is common in single-celled organisms, such as bacteria, but not in plants.

2. Fragmentation: Fragmentation is a type of asexual reproduction in which a parent organism breaks into fragments, and each fragment grows into a new individual. This process is common in certain types of plants, but it does not necessarily involve the growth of offspring that remain attached.

3. Vegetative reproduction: Vegetative reproduction is a type of asexual reproduction in plants where a modified stem or root of a parent plant gives rise to offspring that remain attached. Examples of vegetative reproduction include plant propagation through runners, rhizomes, or suckers.

4. Tuber reproduction: Tubers are modified plant structures that serve as storage organs, typically found in plants like potatoes. However, tuber reproduction specifically refers to the formation of new plants through the growth of tubers, usually underground. This process is not necessarily linked to the production of offspring that remain attached.

Based on the explanations above, we can conclude that the correct answer is "vegetative reproduction."