4.

When did the Middle ages end?

Arrival of Vikings

Fall of Rome

Renaissance

Rise of Charlemagne

The Middle Ages ended with the arrival of the Renaissance.

The Middle Ages ended with the Renaissance. The Renaissance began in Italy around the 14th century and continued until the 17th century. The Fall of Rome marked the end of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD, but it did not signify the end of the Middle Ages. The arrival of Vikings and the rise of Charlemagne were events that occurred during the Middle Ages but did not directly lead to its end.

The Middle Ages, also known as the medieval period, is typically considered to have ended with the arrival of the Renaissance. The Renaissance was a period of cultural and intellectual change that began in the 14th century and lasted until the 17th century. It saw a renewed interest in the arts, sciences, and learning that marked a departure from the medieval values of the Middle Ages.

To determine when the Middle Ages ended, we can review the options you provided:

1. Arrival of Vikings: The Vikings, a seafaring people from Scandinavia, began raiding coastal areas of Europe in the late 8th century. While the Viking Age had a significant impact on European history, it does not mark the end of the Middle Ages.

2. Fall of Rome: The Fall of Rome in 476 AD is commonly seen as the end of the ancient period. While the fall of Rome had significant consequences for Western Europe, it does not directly indicate the end of the Middle Ages.

3. Renaissance: As mentioned earlier, the Renaissance is widely considered the end of the Middle Ages. This cultural movement began in the 14th century in Italy and gradually spread throughout Europe.

4. Rise of Charlemagne: Charlemagne, also known as Charles the Great, was a Frankish king who became the first Holy Roman Emperor in 800 AD. While Charlemagne's reign had a profound impact on European history, it is generally seen as a significant event within the Middle Ages rather than the end of the period.

In conclusion, the Middle Ages ended with the arrival of the Renaissance in the 14th century. The cultural and intellectual changes brought about by the Renaissance marked a distinct departure from the values and mindset of the Middle Ages.