Identify which factor supported both Axum and the Swahili city-states in trading with other nations.
A. location
B. trade
C. language
D. lack of competition
A. location
The factor that supported both Axum and the Swahili city-states in trading with other nations is option A: location.
To identify the factor that supported both Axum and the Swahili city-states in trading with other nations, we can examine the options provided and determine which factor played a significant role for both civilizations.
A. Location: Both Axum and the Swahili city-states were strategically located along major trade routes. Axum, located in present-day Ethiopia, was situated near the Red Sea, which allowed it to access both the Mediterranean and Indian Ocean trade networks. Similarly, the Swahili city-states, situated along the East African coast, had easy access to maritime routes connecting the Indian Ocean.
B. Trade: Trade was an essential factor for both Axum and the Swahili city-states. These civilizations actively engaged in long-distance trade, exchanging commodities such as gold, ivory, spices, and luxury goods with foreign markets. Trade networks provided economic prosperity and cultural exchange, supporting the growth and development of these civilizations.
C. Language: Language did not directly support trade for both Axum and the Swahili city-states. Although Swahili language played a role as a lingua franca in the Swahili city-states, facilitating communication among different ethnic groups, it was not a significant factor in their trading activities. Similarly, Axum used Geez as its written language, but it did not impact its trading relations.
D. Lack of competition: While competition can sometimes impact trade, it was not a primary factor supporting both Axum and the Swahili city-states. In fact, both civilizations faced competition from nearby regions and rival traders. Therefore, lack of competition cannot be considered a factor that significantly supported their trading activities.
Considering the options, the factor that supported both Axum and the Swahili city-states in trading with other nations is A. location. Both civilizations' strategic locations contributed to their access to major trade routes, facilitating trade and economic exchange with other nations.