Which of the following portions of respiration yields (creates) the highest net ATP?(1 point)
Responses
Glycolysis
Fermentation
Electron Transport Chain
Krebs Cycle
Electron Transport Chain
Select the correct formula for cellular respiration(1 point)
Responses
Glucose + water → oxygen + carbon dioxide + ATP
Carbon dioxide + water → oxygen + water + ATP
Carbon dioxide + water + ATP → glucose + oxygen
Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + ATP
Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + ATP
The portion of respiration that yields the highest net ATP is the Electron Transport Chain.
To determine which portion of respiration yields the highest net ATP, we need to understand each of these processes and the amount of ATP produced in each.
1. Glycolysis: Glycolysis is the first step in cellular respiration, where glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate. During this process, a net gain of 2 ATP molecules is produced.
2. Fermentation: Fermentation occurs under anaerobic conditions when oxygen is not available. In this process, pyruvate is converted into either lactic acid or ethyl alcohol, depending on the organism. However, fermentation only produces a small amount of ATP, typically 2 ATP molecules per glucose molecule.
3. Electron Transport Chain (ETC): The electron transport chain is the final step of aerobic respiration, where electrons derived from glucose are passed through several protein complexes. This process generates a large amount of ATP, approximately 34 ATP molecules per glucose molecule. The exact number can vary slightly depending on conditions and the specific organism.
4. Krebs Cycle: The Krebs cycle, also known as the citric acid cycle, occurs between glycolysis and the electron transport chain. It takes the products of glycolysis (pyruvate) and converts them into ATP, NADH, and FADH2. The net ATP produced directly from the Krebs cycle is only 2 ATP molecules per glucose molecule.
Considering the amounts of ATP produced in each process, the Electron Transport Chain yields the highest net ATP. It produces approximately 34 ATP molecules per glucose molecule, providing the majority of the ATP generated during respiration.