Imagine you are a caveman out innocently picking berries when suddenly you come nose to nose with a sabre-tooth tiger. While you were simply gathering, the tiger was actually hunting, and the sight of you makes his mouth water.
2 Luckily for you, millions of years of evolution has endowed you with a set of automatic weapons that take over in the event of an emergency. At the sight of the tiger, your hypothalamus sends a message to your adrenal glands and within seconds, you can run faster, hit harder, see better, hear more acutely, think faster, and jump higher than you could only seconds earlier.
3 Your heart is pumping at two to three times the normal speed, sending nutrient rich blood to the major muscles in your arms and legs. The tiny blood vessels (called capillaries) under the surface of your skin close down (which consequently sends your blood pressure soaring) so you can sustain a surface wound and not bleed to death. Even your eyes dilate so you can see better.
4 All functions of your body not needed for the struggle about to commence are shut down. Digestion stops, sexual function stops, even your immune system is temporarily turned off. If necessary, excess waste is eliminated to make you light on your feet.
5 Your suddenly supercharged body is designed to help level the odds between you and your attacker. Consequently, you narrowly escape death by leaping higher and running faster than you ever could before. With the danger now over, you find a safe place to lie down and rest your exhausted body.
6 FLASH FORWARD to the present day. Despite the huge amount of technological change in the ensuing 25,000 years, you are walking around with essentially the same set of internal body parts as that of the caveman. At this very moment you're in the break room at work, hunting for coffee and gathering donuts. Your boss is out hunting too. But guess what? He's hunting for you.
7 As you gulp down your third cup of Java you hear your boss say those dreaded words: "Could I see you for a moment in my office, please?" At the sight of the tiger, er, uh...your boss...your hypothalamus sends a message to your adrenal glands and within seconds your body summons all the same powers that your stone-age ancestor needed to fight a sabre tooth tiger.
8 You can almost feel your blood pressure soar as you take the long walk down the hall to your boss's office. You remember a rumor you heard about an upcoming round of layoffs. Now your mind is racing, your heart is pumping, your blood pressure is soaring, your mouth dries up, your hands feel cold and clammy, your forehead is perspiring and you may even feel a sudden urge to go (to the bathroom). As you imagine your boss firing you, the caveman inside of you wants to come out. Maybe you'd like to run and hide or maybe you'd like to punch your boss in the nose, but you can't do either. Welcome to the modern era.
9 As your boss ushers you into his office and closes the door, you're experiencing a full-blown episode of the fight or flight response. But since you can't fight and you can't flee, all of that energy is pent-up inside of you with no place to go. You feel like you're going to explode. Your boss begins to speak. "Here it comes," you think to yourself. But you're so shocked by what you hear you can't believe you heard it right. "What did you say?" you ask your boss. "We are considering you for a promotion," he repeats.
Question
How does the central idea in the first half of the passage differ from the one in the second half?
Responses
A Both sections deal with the amazing, but often negative effects of stress on the human body.Both sections deal with the amazing, but often negative effects of stress on the human body.
B The first half addresses human responses to danger, and the second section focuses on the positive impact of stress the human body.The first half addresses human responses to danger, and the second section focuses on the positive impact of stress the human body.
C The first half deals with the effects of stress on contemporary man, while the second half compares this with the effects of stress on early humans.The first half deals with the effects of stress on contemporary man, while the second half compares this with the effects of stress on early humans.
D The first half deals with the effects of stress on early humans, while the second half compares this with the effects of stress on contemporary humans
D The first half deals with the effects of stress on early humans, while the second half compares this with the effects of stress on contemporary humans
About 200 years ago the Cherokee Indians were one tribe, or "Indian Nation" that lived in the southeast part of what is now the United States. During the 1830's and 1840's, the period covered by the Indian Removal Act, (1) many Cherokees were moved west to a territory that is now the State of Oklahoma. A number remained in the southeast and gathered in North Carolina where they purchased land and continued to live. (2) Others went into the Appalachian Mountains to escape being moved west and many of their descendants may still live there now.
2 Today, individuals of Cherokee ancestry fall into the following categories:
(1) Living persons who were listed on the final rolls of the Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma (Dawes Commission Rolls) that were approved and descendants of these persons. These final rolls were established in 1907
(2) Individuals enrolled as members of the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians of North Carolina and descendants who are eligible for enrollment with the Band.
(3) Persons on the list of members identified by a resolution dated April 19, 1949, and certified by Superintendent of the Five Civilized Tribes Agency and their descendants who are eligible for enrollment with the United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indian of Oklahoma.
(4) All other persons of Cherokee Indian ancestry.
Category 1
3 After about a half century of self-government, a law enacted in 1906 directed that final rolls be made and that each enrollee be given an allotment of land or paid cash in lieu of an allotment. The Cherokees formally organized in 1975 with the adoption of a new Constitution that superseded the 1839 Cherokee Nation Constitution. This new Constitution establishes a Cherokee Register for the inclusion of any Cherokee for membership purposes in the Cherokee Nation. Members must be citizens as proven by reference to the Dawes Commission Rolls. Included in this are the Delaware Cherokees of Article II of the Delaware Agreement dated May 8, 1867, and the Shawnee Cherokees of Article III of the Shawnee Agreement dated June 9, 1869, and/or their descendants.
4 P.L. 100-472, authorizes through a planning and negotiation process Indian Tribes to administer and manage programs, activities, function, and services previously managed by the Bureau of Indian Affairs. Pursuant to P.L. 100-472 the Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma has entered into a Self-governance Compact and now provides those services previously provided by the BIA. Enrollment and allotment records are maintained by the Cherokee Nation. Any question with regard to the Cherokee Nation should be referred to:
Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma
P.O. Box 948
Tahlequah, OK 74465
(918)456-0671
Fax (918)456-6485
Category 2
5 The Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians of North Carolina is a federally recognized tribe and has its own requirements for membership. (3) Inquiries as to these requirements, or for information shown in the records may be addressed to the BIA's
Cherokee Agency
Cherokee, North Carolina 28719,
(704) 497-9131,
or to:
Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians
P.O. Box 455
Cherokee, North Carolina 28719
(207) 497-2771, ask for the Tribal Enrollment Office,
Fax (704)497-2952.
Category 3
6 By the Act of August 10, 1946, 60 Stat. 976, Congress recognized the United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians in Oklahoma (UKB) for the purposes of organizing under the Oklahoma Indian Welfare Act. In 1950, the UKB organized under a Constitution and Bylaws approved by the Secretary of the Interior. Members of the UKB consist of all persons whose names appear on the list of members identified by a resolution dated April 19, 1949, and certified by the Superintendent of the Five Civilized Tribes Agency on November 26, 1949, with the governing body of the UKB having the power to prescribe rules and regulations governing future membership. The supreme governing body (UKB Council) consists of 9 members, elected to represent the nine districts of the old Cherokee Nation and four officers, elected at large. Information may be obtained by writing:
United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians
P.O. Box 746
Tahlequah, Oklahoma 74465-9432
(918) 456-5491 Fax (918) 456-9601.
Category 4
7 Information about Indian ancestry of individuals in this category of Cherokees is more difficult to locate. (3) This is primarily because the federal government has never maintained a list of all the persons of Cherokee Indian descent indicating their tribal affiliation degree of Indian blood or other data. (4) In order to establish Cherokee ancestry you should use the same methods prescribed in "Indian Ancestry’ and "Genealogical Research" material. (Reference directories" INDIAN ANCESTRY" and" GENEALOGICAL RESEARCH")
U. S. Department of the Interior 1849 C Street, NWWashington, DC20240 webteam Last Updated on 10/09/03
Question
Which sentence BEST states the main idea of the first paragraph?
Responses
A The United States Congress decided to destroy the Cherokee.The United States Congress decided to destroy the Cherokee.
B The Cherokee left their original homeland and moved to various parts of the US.The Cherokee left their original homeland and moved to various parts of the US.
C The U.S. Army was in charge of seeing that the removal of Cherokees was properly carried out.The U.S. Army was in charge of seeing that the removal of Cherokees was properly carried out.
D Cherokee Indians have spiritual traditions that date back to before the 1600’s; among these is the belief that land belongs to no one.
B The Cherokee left their original homeland and moved to various parts of the US.
I knew not who had wrought with skill so fine
What I beheld; nor by what laws of art
He had created life and love and heart
On canvas, from mere color, curve and line. 4
Silent I stood and made no move or sign;
Not with the crowd, but reverently apart;
Nor felt the power my rooted limbs to start,
But mutely gazed upon that face divine. 8
And over me the sense of beauty fell,
As music over a raptured listener to
The deep-voiced organ breathing out a hymn;
Or as on one who kneels, his beads to tell, 12
There falls the aureate glory filtered through
The windows in some old cathedral dim.
Question
Principle: a primary truth, assumption, law or belief.
Read the definition of the word "principle." Then choose the sentence that uses it correctly.
Responses
A The principle at my school is going to retire this year.The principle at my school is going to retire this year.
B The principles of democracy are articulated in the Constitution.The principles of democracy are articulated in the Constitution.
C My father always tells me that I shouldn't spend the principle, only the interest.My father always tells me that I shouldn't spend the principle, only the interest.
D If you have questions about dress code, the assistant principle is the person to see
B The principles of democracy are articulated in the Constitution.
Let’s have a look beyond that door, David,” he cried.
2 Together we stepped out to stand in silent contemplation of a landscape at once weird and beautiful. Before us a low and level shore stretched down to a silent sea. As far as the eye could reach the surface of the water was dotted with countless tiny isles—some of towering, barren, granitic rock—others resplendent in gorgeous trappings of tropical vegetation, myriad starred with the magnificent splendor of vivid blooms.
3 Behind us rose a dark and forbidding wood of giant arborescent ferns intermingled with the commoner types of a primeval tropical forest. Huge creepers depended in great loops from tree to tree, dense under-brush overgrew a tangled mass of fallen trunks and branches. Upon the outer verge we could see the same splendid coloring of countless blossoms that glorified the islands, but within the dense shadows all seemed dark and gloomy as the grave.
4 And upon all the noonday sun poured its torrid rays out of a cloudless sky.
5 “Where on earth can we be?” I asked, turning to Perry.
6 For some moments the old man did not reply. He stood with bowed head, buried in deep thought. But at last he spoke.
7“David,” he said, “I am not so sure that we are ON earth.”
8 “What do you mean, Perry?” I cried. “Do you think that we are dead, and this is heaven?” He smiled, and turning, pointing to the nose of the prospector protruding from the ground at our backs.
9 “But for that, David, I might believe that we were indeed come to the country beyond the Styx. The prospector renders that theory untenable—it, certainly, could never have gone to heaven. However I am willing to concede that we actually may be in another world from that which we have always known. If we are not ON earth, there is every reason to believe that we may be IN it.”
Question 1
Using context clues, what is the meaning of the word "myriad" in the second paragraph?
Responses
A very fewvery few
B fragrantfragrant
C vividly colorfulvividly colorful
D an extreme amount of
D an extreme amount of
Let’s have a look beyond that door, David,” he cried.
2 Together we stepped out to stand in silent contemplation of a landscape at once weird and beautiful. Before us a low and level shore stretched down to a silent sea. As far as the eye could reach the surface of the water was dotted with countless tiny isles—some of towering, barren, granitic rock—others resplendent in gorgeous trappings of tropical vegetation, myriad starred with the magnificent splendor of vivid blooms.
3 Behind us rose a dark and forbidding wood of giant arborescent ferns intermingled with the commoner types of a primeval tropical forest. Huge creepers depended in great loops from tree to tree, dense under-brush overgrew a tangled mass of fallen trunks and branches. Upon the outer verge we could see the same splendid coloring of countless blossoms that glorified the islands, but within the dense shadows all seemed dark and gloomy as the grave.
4 And upon all the noonday sun poured its torrid rays out of a cloudless sky.
5 “Where on earth can we be?” I asked, turning to Perry.
6 For some moments the old man did not reply. He stood with bowed head, buried in deep thought. But at last he spoke.
7“David,” he said, “I am not so sure that we are ON earth.”
8 “What do you mean, Perry?” I cried. “Do you think that we are dead, and this is heaven?” He smiled, and turning, pointing to the nose of the prospector protruding from the ground at our backs.
9 “But for that, David, I might believe that we were indeed come to the country beyond the Styx. The prospector renders that theory untenable—it, certainly, could never have gone to heaven. However I am willing to concede that we actually may be in another world from that which we have always known. If we are not ON earth, there is every reason to believe that we may be IN it.”
The meaning of the word "myriad" in the second paragraph is "an extreme amount of."
Let’s have a look beyond that door, David,” he cried.
2 Together we stepped out to stand in silent contemplation of a landscape at once weird and beautiful. Before us a low and level shore stretched down to a silent sea. As far as the eye could reach the surface of the water was dotted with countless tiny isles—some of towering, barren, granitic rock—others resplendent in gorgeous trappings of tropical vegetation, myriad starred with the magnificent splendor of vivid blooms.
3 Behind us rose a dark and forbidding wood of giant arborescent ferns intermingled with the commoner types of a primeval tropical forest. Huge creepers depended in great loops from tree to tree, dense under-brush overgrew a tangled mass of fallen trunks and branches. Upon the outer verge we could see the same splendid coloring of countless blossoms that glorified the islands, but within the dense shadows all seemed dark and gloomy as the grave.
4 And upon all the noonday sun poured its torrid rays out of a cloudless sky.
5 “Where on earth can we be?” I asked, turning to Perry.
6 For some moments the old man did not reply. He stood with bowed head, buried in deep thought. But at last he spoke.
7“David,” he said, “I am not so sure that we are ON earth.”
8 “What do you mean, Perry?” I cried. “Do you think that we are dead, and this is heaven?” He smiled, and turning, pointing to the nose of the prospector protruding from the ground at our backs.
9 “But for that, David, I might believe that we were indeed come to the country beyond the Styx. The prospector renders that theory untenable—it, certainly, could never have gone to heaven. However I am willing to concede that we actually may be in another world from that which we have always known. If we are not ON earth, there is every reason to believe that we may be IN it.”
choose two sentences or phrases that give context clues to the meaning of "myriad" as used in the second paragraph.
Responses
A starred with the magnificent splendor of vivid blooms.starred with the magnificent splendor of vivid blooms.
B And upon all the noonday sun poured its torrid rays out of a cloudless sky.And upon all the noonday sun poured its torrid rays out of a cloudless sky.
C we could see the same splendid coloring of countless blossoms that glorified the islands,we could see the same splendid coloring of countless blossoms that glorified the islands,
D Together we stepped out to stand in silent contemplation of a landscape at once weird and beautiful.Together we stepped out to stand in silent contemplation of a landscape at once weird and beautiful.
E Behind us rose a dark and forbidding wood of giant arborescent ferns intermingled with the commoner types of a primeval tropical forest.