elements in the same row in the periodic table
elements in the same column in the periodic table
also referred to as a family
properties of elements gradually changing across this category in a predictable way
elements in this category having similar chemical and physical properties
Elements in the same row in the periodic table are referred to as periods. Elements in the same column in the periodic table are referred to as groups or families. Properties of elements gradually changing across a period in a predictable way is called periodicity. Elements in the same group or family have similar chemical and physical properties.
Elements in the same row in the periodic table are referred to as periods. Each period represents a different energy level or shell of electrons.
Elements in the same column in the periodic table are referred to as groups or families. The elements in the same group have similar chemical properties because they have the same number of valence electrons.
The properties of elements gradually change across a period in a predictable way. As you move from left to right across a period, the atomic number increases, which means the number of protons in the nucleus increases. This results in the gradual change in properties such as atomic size, ionization energy, and electronegativity.
Elements in the same group or family have similar chemical and physical properties. This is because elements in the same group have the same number of valence electrons, which influences their reactivity and bonding behavior. For example, elements in Group 1 (alkali metals) are highly reactive and have one valence electron, while elements in Group 18 (noble gases) are unreactive and have a full set of valence electrons.
To find the elements in the same row on the periodic table, you need to understand that each row is called a period. The periodic table contains 7 periods labeled with numbers 1 through 7. Elements that are in the same row or period have the same number of electron shells.
To find the elements in the same column on the periodic table, you need to understand that each column is called a group or family. The periodic table contains 18 groups labeled with numbers 1 through 18. Elements that are in the same column or group have similar chemical properties and physical characteristics.
The elements in the same column or family are referred to as a family because they possess similar chemical properties and often react similarly with other elements. These similarities arise due to the same number of valence electrons, which are responsible for the majority of an element's chemical behavior.
The properties of elements gradually change across a row or period in a predictable way from left to right. As you move from left to right in a period, the number of protons, atomic mass, and atomic size generally increase, while the reactivity with nonmetals tends to decrease.
The elements in the same column or group exhibit similar chemical and physical properties. These similarities arise due to the identical number of valence electrons, which affect an element's reactivity, bonding behavior, and overall chemical behavior. Elements in the same group often have similar valence electron configurations, leading to comparable chemical reactions and properties. Examples of such groups include the alkali metals (Group 1), alkaline earth metals (Group 2), and halogens (Group 17), among others.