Why do atoms exchange or share electrons during bonding?(1 point)
Responses
to become neutral
to become neutral
to have eight inner level electrons
to have eight inner level electrons
to attract an ion with the opposite charge
to attract an ion with the opposite charge
to obtain a full outer electron shell
to obtain a full outer electron shell
How many valence electrons are in an atom of the element fluorine?
(1 point)
Responses
five
five
seven
seven
eight
eight
two
two
seven
Which change is likely to happen to an atom of the element strontium (Sr) during bonding?
(1 point)
Responses
It will give up electrons, forming a positive ion.
It will give up electrons, forming a positive ion.
It will give up electrons, forming a negative ion.
It will give up electrons, forming a negative ion.
It will gain electrons, forming a positive ion.
It will gain electrons, forming a positive ion.
It will gain electrons, forming a negative ion.
It will give up electrons, forming a positive ion.
The correct response is:
to obtain a full outer electron shell.
The correct answer is "to obtain a full outer electron shell." When atoms bond with each other, they do so in order to achieve a more stable electron configuration.
One way to determine why atoms exchange or share electrons is to understand the concept of valence electrons. Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom. These electrons are involved in bonding with other atoms.
Atoms have a tendency to fill their outermost energy level with a specific number of electrons. The most stable electron configuration for many atoms is to have a full outer energy level with 8 electrons, known as the octet rule. This configuration is similar to the electron configuration of the nearest noble gas element.
When atoms have less than 8 valence electrons, they can achieve a full outer energy level by either gaining or losing electrons. In the case of ionic bonding, atoms transfer electrons to one another, creating charged particles called ions. The positively charged ion and the negatively charged ion are then attracted to each other due to the opposite charges.
In covalent bonding, atoms share electrons in order to achieve a full outer energy level. By sharing electrons, both atoms can complete their outer energy levels and become more stable. This sharing of electrons allows both atoms to obtain a full outer electron shell.
So, atoms exchange or share electrons during bonding to obtain a full outer electron shell and achieve a more stable electron configuration.