Explain a similarity and a difference between the particles in liquid water at 100c and the particles in steam at 100c
A similarity between the particles in liquid water at 100°C and the particles in steam at 100°C is that they are both made up of water molecules. Water molecules consist of two hydrogen atoms bonded to an oxygen atom, regardless of whether they are in a liquid or gaseous state.
A difference between the particles in liquid water at 100°C and the particles in steam at 100°C is their arrangement and energy level. In liquid water, the water molecules are closely packed and have higher intermolecular forces, resulting in a relatively fixed, organized structure. The particles in steam, on the other hand, have higher kinetic energy and are much more spread out. The water molecules in steam move freely and rapidly, with weaker intermolecular forces allowing them to be more dissociated and less structured compared to liquid water.
Similarity: Both the particles in liquid water at 100°C and the particles in steam at 100°C are composed of water molecules.
Difference: The main difference between the particles in liquid water and steam at 100°C lies in their arrangement and energy levels. In liquid water at 100°C, the particles are closely packed, and the intermolecular forces between them are relatively stronger. The molecules in the liquid possess more kinetic energy compared to lower temperature water, but they still exhibit some degree of attraction to one another.
On the other hand, in steam at 100°C, the water molecules have a higher kinetic energy due to increased temperature. As a result, the particles in steam are in a gaseous state and are more widely spaced compared to liquid water. The intermolecular forces between the molecules in steam are relatively weaker, resulting in a more easily dispersible and less cohesive substance.