What is one difference between gene regulation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?(1 point)
Responses
Prokaryotes do not store their genes in a nucleus like eukaryotes do.
Prokaryotes do not store their genes in a nucleus like eukaryotes do.
Eukaryotes transcribe genes in response to environmental stimuli while prokaryotes transcribe genes randomly.
Eukaryotes transcribe genes in response to environmental stimuli while prokaryotes transcribe genes randomly.
Prokaryotes remove exons from mRNA before translation while eukaryotes translate the entire sequence of mRNA.
Prokaryotes remove exons from mRNA before translation while eukaryotes translate the entire sequence of mRNA.
All eukaryotes use operons to organize their genes while prokaryotes do not.
Prokaryotes do not store their genes in a nucleus like eukaryotes do.
Additional amino acids would be inserted into the chain.
operator.
RNA processing
The body plans of complex animals are very similar to one another.
What would happen if a cell transcribed and translated a gene’s intron by mistake?(1 point)
Responses
Additional amino acids would be inserted into the chain.
Additional amino acids would be inserted into the chain.
The DNA would remain the same as before.
The DNA would remain the same as before.
Errors in the protein folding would be repaired.
Errors in the protein folding would be repaired.
The intron would begin to duplicate itself.
In prokaryotic cells, repressor proteins bind to a section of DNA called a/an(1 point)
Responses
operator.
operator.
promoter.
promoter.
repressor.
repressor.
chromatin.
The removal of sections of RNA, called introns, occur at which regulation step in eukaryotic cells?(1 point)
Responses
mRNA life span
mRNA life span
post-translation
post-translation
chromatin remodeling
chromatin remodeling
RNA processing
Hox genes are regulatory genes in multicellular animals that code for transcription factors that determine the basic body plan in a developing embryo. They act as switches that turn other genes on and off. Scientists have found that a mutation in a fruit fly hox gene produces flies with legs instead of antennae sticking out of their heads. Another hox gene mutation results in fruit flies with two pairs of wings instead of one pair. Hox genes affect body plans by controlling the expression of many other genes.
Many multicellular animals have the same hox genes. Which statement is evidence for this claim?
(1 point)
Responses
There is a wide variety of body plans in complex animals.
There is a wide variety of body plans in complex animals.
The body plans of complex animals typically have a large number of mutations.
The body plans of complex animals typically have a large number of mutations.
The body plans of complex animals are very similar to one another.
The body plans of complex animals are very similar to one another.
The body plans of complex animals change over generations.
The body plans of complex animals change over generations.
The correct answer is: Prokaryotes remove exons from mRNA before translation while eukaryotes translate the entire sequence of mRNA.
To get to this answer, you need to understand the process of gene regulation in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In prokaryotes, which are organisms like bacteria, the genes are not stored within a nucleus. Instead, they are found in a region of the cell called the nucleoid. On the other hand, eukaryotes, which include organisms like plants and animals, have a nucleus where their genes are stored.
In terms of gene transcription, eukaryotes have a more dynamic response to environmental stimuli. They can activate or repress gene expression in response to specific signals from the environment. Prokaryotes, however, transcribe genes in a more random manner, not in direct response to environmental cues.
The key difference between gene regulation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes lies in the processing of mRNA. In eukaryotes, the primary transcript of mRNA contains both coding regions called exons and non-coding regions called introns. Before translation, eukaryotes remove the introns from the mRNA molecule through a process called splicing. This ensures that only the coding regions are translated into proteins.
In contrast, prokaryotes do not have introns in their genes, so they do not need to undergo splicing. The entire sequence of mRNA, containing only coding regions, is translated into proteins.
Therefore, the correct difference between gene regulation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes is that prokaryotes remove exons from mRNA before translation while eukaryotes translate the entire sequence of mRNA.