_____________ was the first pharaoh of Ancient Egypt, and he brought the upper and lower kingdoms together.

Menes (also known as Narmer) was the first pharaoh of Ancient Egypt, and he brought the upper and lower kingdoms together.

Trade between Southwest and East Africa led to the further development of ___________________ culture.

Trade between Southwest and East Africa led to the further development of Swahili culture.

The countries of Mali and Ghana are both similar in that they both became strong through _________.

The countries of Mali and Ghana are both similar in that they both became strong through trade and the control of valuable resources, particularly gold.

Europeans wanted Africa’s many natural _________________, which is a major reason why they colonized Africa.

Europeans wanted Africa’s many natural resources, which is a major reason why they colonized Africa.