Visualize a scene with Joshua, a Hispanic teenager with short black hair and a casual outfit, surveying his friends. He is standing in a park surrounded by four different sports areas: a basketball court, a soccer field, a baseball diamond, and a volleyball court. Each sport area contains a varying number of friends. 15 of them, a diverse group varying in gender and descent, are playing volleyball enthusiastically, while 25 others, again varying in gender and descent, show passion in playing soccer. Both groups are visibly more vibrant, enthused, and bustling than the remaining groups at the basketball court and the baseball diamond.

Joshua surveys his friends to find out which recreational sport is most liked. He asks each of his friends if they prefer basketball, soccer, baseball, or volleyball. He finds 15 of his friends like volleyball and 25 prefer soccer. How many of Joshua’s friends prefer volleyball and soccer over the other two sports?

To find out how many of Joshua's friends prefer volleyball and soccer over the other two sports, we need to subtract the number of friends who prefer basketball and baseball from the total number of friends who like volleyball and soccer.

Let's calculate it step-by-step:

Step 1: Determine the number of friends who prefer basketball or baseball.
- Since each friend can only choose one sport, we subtract the number of friends who like volleyball and soccer from the total number of friends Joshua surveyed.
- The total number of friends who like volleyball and soccer is the sum of the number of friends who like volleyball (15) and the number of friends who prefer soccer (25).
- So, the total number of friends who like volleyball and soccer is 15 + 25 = 40.

Step 2: Determine the number of friends who prefer basketball or baseball.
- Since each friend can only choose one sport, we subtract the number of friends who like volleyball and soccer from the total number of friends Joshua surveyed.
- The total number of friends surveyed is the sum of the number of friends who like basketball, soccer, baseball, and volleyball.
- Therefore, the total number of friends surveyed is the sum of the number of friends who like basketball, soccer, baseball, and volleyball. However, we already know that 15 friends like volleyball and 25 friends prefer soccer.
- So, the total number of friends surveyed is 15 + 25 + the number of friends who like basketball + the number of friends who like baseball.

Step 3: Calculate the number of friends who prefer basketball or baseball.
- By deducting the total number of friends who like volleyball and soccer (40) from the total number of friends surveyed, we can find the number of friends who prefer basketball or baseball.
- Since the total number of friends surveyed is the total number of friends who like basketball, soccer, baseball, and volleyball, and we know that 15 friends like volleyball and 25 friends prefer soccer, we can write the equation as follows: Total number of friends surveyed = 40 + the number of friends who like basketball + the number of friends who like baseball.
- So, the equation becomes: Total number of friends surveyed = 40 + the number of friends who like basketball + the number of friends who like baseball.

Step 4: Calculate the number of friends who prefer volleyball and soccer over the other two sports.
- Since Joshua surveyed 40 friends who like volleyball and soccer, it means that the number of friends who prefer basketball or baseball is the difference between the total number of friends surveyed and the number of friends who like volleyball and soccer.
- Therefore, the number of friends who prefer volleyball and soccer over the other two sports is: Total number of friends surveyed - 40.

In conclusion, the number of Joshua's friends who prefer volleyball and soccer over the other two sports is equal to the total number of friends surveyed minus 40.

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To find out how many of Joshua's friends prefer volleyball and soccer over the other two sports, we need to subtract the number of friends who only prefer volleyball or soccer from the total number of friends who like volleyball and soccer.

Given that 15 friends like volleyball and 25 friends prefer soccer, we can first calculate the total number of friends who like either volleyball or soccer.
Total number of friends who like volleyball or soccer = number of friends who like volleyball + number of friends who prefer soccer.

Total number of friends who like volleyball or soccer = 15 + 25 = 40.

Now, to find the number of friends who prefer volleyball and soccer over the other two sports, we need to subtract the number of friends who only prefer volleyball or soccer from the total number of friends who like volleyball and soccer.

Let's assume x friends only prefer volleyball, y friends only prefer soccer, and z friends prefer both volleyball and soccer.

We know that x + z = 15 (number of friends who like volleyball)
And y + z = 25 (number of friends who prefer soccer)

To find the number of friends who only prefer volleyball or soccer, we can subtract z (number of friends who like both) from the total number of friends who like volleyball or soccer.
Number of friends who only prefer volleyball or soccer = (number of friends who like volleyball or soccer) - (number of friends who like both).

Number of friends who only prefer volleyball or soccer = (x + y + z) - z = x + y

And we know that x + y + z = 40 (total number of friends who like volleyball or soccer).

So, x + y = 40 - z.

Since x + y and x + y + z are both equal to 40, we can say:

x + y = x + y + z

Simplifying, we get:

0 = z

This means no friends prefer both volleyball and soccer, so the number of friends who prefer volleyball and soccer over the other two sports is zero.

Therefore, none of Joshua's friends prefer volleyball and soccer over the other two sports.

40 of Joshua's friends prefer volleyball and soccer over the other two sports.