A small, icy object that develops a glowing tail as it nears the Sun.
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2 points
satellite
comet
asteroid
meteorite
The small icy object that develops a glowing tail as it nears the Sun is called a comet. To identify this answer, we need to understand the characteristics of comets.
Comets are celestial bodies made up of ice, dust, rock, and various organic compounds. They usually orbit the Sun in highly elliptical paths, spending most of their time in the outer regions of the solar system. When a comet gets closer to the Sun, the heat causes the ices to vaporize, creating a glowing coma (a cloud of gas and dust) around the solid core called the nucleus. The solar wind then pushes the coma and forms a glowing tail that points away from the Sun.
The other options mentioned - satellite, asteroid, and meteorite - do not exhibit the behavior of developing a glowing tail when nearing the Sun. Satellites are man-made objects that orbit around larger celestial bodies, such as the Earth. Asteroids are rocky objects found throughout the solar system, and meteorites are fragments of meteors that survive their passage through the Earth's atmosphere and reach the ground.