Which statement best describes the process of crossing over
Crossing over is a process during meiosis in which homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material, resulting in offspring with unique combinations of genes.
The process of crossing over, also known as recombination, is the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during meiosis. This process occurs during the prophase I stage of meiosis.
Here is a step-by-step explanation of crossing over:
1. Homologous chromosomes pair up during prophase I of meiosis. Each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids held together by a centromere.
2. Enzymes break the bonds between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes at specific points along their length.
3. The broken ends of the chromatids can then rejoin with the broken ends of the chromatids from the other homologous chromosome.
4. This exchange of genetic material results in new combinations of genes on the chromosomes, leading to genetic diversity.
5. After crossing over, the chromosomes separate during anaphase I of meiosis and undergo further separation during meiosis II.
Overall, crossing over contributes to genetic diversity by shuffling alleles between homologous chromosomes, leading to the creation of new combinations of genes.
The process of crossing over refers to the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during meiosis. This genetic exchange contributes to genetic diversity by shuffling and recombining the genetic information from the two parental chromosomes. The best statement describing the process of crossing over would be:
"Crossing over is the physical exchange of segments of DNA between homologous chromosomes, resulting in the recombination of genetic material and the creation of new combinations of alleles."