Sexual reproduction produces genetic variation
That's correct! Sexual reproduction is a process where two individuals contribute genetic material to produce offspring. It results in genetic variation, meaning the offspring inherits a combination of genetic traits from both parents.
During sexual reproduction, specialized cells called gametes are formed. In humans, these gametes are sperm cells (produced by males) and egg cells (produced by females). Each gamete carries a half set of chromosomes, which contain genetic information.
When fertilization occurs, a sperm cell and an egg cell unite to form a zygote. The zygote then develops into an embryo and eventually into a new individual. Since each parent contributes a unique set of genetic information, the offspring has a combination of traits from both parents, resulting in genetic variation.
This genetic variation is beneficial for populations because it allows for adaptation to changing environments. It provides the potential for survival and success in different conditions, as individuals with advantageous traits have a better chance of passing on their genes to future generations.
In contrast, asexual reproduction, where offspring are produced from a single parent without the involvement of gametes, does not result in genetic variation. Offspring produced through asexual reproduction are genetically identical to the parent, limiting their ability to adapt to changing environments.