what mass of sodium sulphate is produced if 49g of hydrogen sulphate react with 80g of NAOH?
2NaOH + H2SO4 --> Na2SO4 + 2H2O
This is a limiting reagent (LR) problem. You know that when an amount is given for more than one reactant. I work these the long way.
mols NaOH = g/molar mass = 80/40 = 2
2 mols NaOH will produce 1 mol Na2SO4 from the equation so we get 1 mol Na2SO4.
mols H2SO4 = 49/98 = 0.5
From the equation, 1 mol H2SO4 will produce 1 mol Na2SO4 so we get 0.5 mol Na2SO4 from this reagent.
Both numbers can't be right. In LR problems we always get the smaller number; therefore, we will produce 0.5 mols Na2SO4.
Then grams Na2SO4 = mols Na2SO4 x molar mass Na2SO4 = ?
Post your work if you get stuck.
To determine the mass of sodium sulfate produced, we need to first write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction. The balanced equation for the reaction between hydrogen sulfate (H2SO4) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is as follows:
H2SO4 + 2NaOH -> Na2SO4 + 2H2O
From the balanced equation, we can see that one molecule of hydrogen sulfate (H2SO4) reacts with two molecules of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to produce one molecule of sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) and two molecules of water (H2O).
Now, let's find the number of moles of hydrogen sulfate (H2SO4) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) present in the given masses.
Number of moles of H2SO4 = Mass of H2SO4 / Molar mass of H2SO4
Mass of H2SO4 = 49g (given)
Molar mass of H2SO4 = (2 * 1) + 32 + (4 * 16) = 98g/mol
Number of moles of H2SO4 = 49g / 98g/mol = 0.5 mol
Number of moles of NaOH = Mass of NaOH / Molar mass of NaOH
Mass of NaOH = 80g (given)
Molar mass of NaOH = 23 + 16 + 1 = 40g/mol
Number of moles of NaOH = 80g / 40g/mol = 2 mol
From the balanced equation, we can see that the ratio between H2SO4 and Na2SO4 is 1:1. So, the number of moles of sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) produced is also 0.5 mol.
Finally, let's find the mass of sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) produced:
Mass of Na2SO4 = Number of moles of Na2SO4 * Molar mass of Na2SO4
Molar mass of Na2SO4 = (2 * 23) + 32 + (4 * 16) = 142g/mol
Mass of Na2SO4 = 0.5 mol * 142g/mol = 71g
Therefore, the mass of sodium sulfate produced is 71g.