Number of molecules in 16g of H2CO3
how many moles in 16g?
multiply by Avogadro's Number
That's 16 g H2CO3 x (1 mole H2CO3/62 g H2CO3) x 6.02E23 molecules/mole = ? molecules
To determine the number of molecules in 16g of H2CO3 (carbonic acid), we need to use the concept of molar mass and Avogadro's number.
Step 1: Determine the molar mass of H2CO3.
H2CO3 consists of 2 hydrogen atoms (H), 1 carbon atom (C), and 3 oxygen atoms (O).
- The molar mass of hydrogen (H) is approximately 1.01 g/mol.
- The molar mass of carbon (C) is approximately 12.01 g/mol.
- The molar mass of oxygen (O) is approximately 16.00 g/mol.
Using these values, we can calculate the molar mass of H2CO3:
Molar mass = (2 * molar mass of hydrogen) + molar mass of carbon + (3 * molar mass of oxygen)
Molar mass = (2 * 1.01 g/mol) + 12.01 g/mol + (3 * 16.00 g/mol)
Molar mass = 2.02 g/mol + 12.01 g/mol + 48.00 g/mol
Molar mass = 62.03 g/mol
Step 2: Calculate the number of moles of H2CO3.
To do this, we need to use the formula:
moles = mass / molar mass
moles = 16 g / 62.03 g/mol
moles ≈ 0.2577 mol
Step 3: Convert moles to molecules.
Avogadro's number states that there are approximately 6.022 x 10^23 molecules in one mole of a substance.
Number of molecules = moles * Avogadro's number
Number of molecules = 0.2577 mol * 6.022 x 10^23 molecules/mol
Number of molecules ≈ 1.551 x 10^23 molecules
Therefore, there are approximately 1.551 x 10^23 molecules in 16g of H2CO3.
To find the number of molecules in a given amount of a substance, you can follow these steps:
Step 1: Calculate the molecular weight of H2CO3 (carbonic acid).
The atomic masses of hydrogen (H), carbon (C), and oxygen (O) are approximately 1, 12, and 16 atomic mass units (amu), respectively. Since H2CO3 contains 2 hydrogen atoms, 1 carbon atom, and 3 oxygen atoms, the molecular weight of H2CO3 is calculated as follows:
(2 * atomic mass of H) + (atomic mass of C) + (3 * atomic mass of O) = (2 * 1 amu) + 12 amu + (3 * 16 amu) = 62 amu
Therefore, the molecular weight of H2CO3 is 62 amu.
Step 2: Calculate the number of moles of H2CO3.
To calculate the number of moles, we divide the given mass by the molecular weight.
Mass of H2CO3 = 16g
Number of moles = Mass / Molecular weight
Number of moles = 16g / 62 amu
Step 3: Convert moles to molecules.
One mole of any substance contains Avogadro's number (6.022 x 10^23) of molecules.
Number of molecules = Number of moles * Avogadro's number
So, in 16g of H2CO3, we would have:
Number of moles = 16g / 62 amu
Number of molecules = Number of moles * Avogadro's number
By substituting the values, you can calculate the number of molecules in 16g of H2CO3.