(for the Reproduction and Development Quiz) A study of hormonal levels in males and females going through puberty was conducted. Levels of FSH and LH were measured from ages 2–18. Results are depicted in the following graphs:
Which answer describes a logical reason why LH and FSH were chosen for this study?
A. These hormones regulate gametogenesis and sex hormone production, so they play a pivotal role in puberty.
B. These hormones are only present in individuals undergoing puberty, so they provide a good indication of puberty.
C. These hormones directly cause puberty related changes.
D. These hormones are the only ones that fluctuate with puberty while other hormones are unchanged.
The graph indicates increases in both FSH and LH for males and females. However, male and female signs of puberty differ. Which of the following explains why?
A. Hormone levels increase for both of them, but LH levels increase more for males and less for females.
B. FSH and LH trigger higher testosterone production in males and higher estrogen production in females.
C. FSH and LH promote a positive feedback loop in females and a negative feedback look in males.
D. Reproductive systems of males and females have a different origin in development, and the cells within them therefore respond differently to the hormones.
If this data collection process was conducted on a daily basis, how would the data look different?
A. The male data would show daily drops in LH and FSH associated with food consumption.
B. The female data would show compensation for LH drops with increases in FSH and vice versa.
C. The male data would show higher levels of testosterone corresponding to lower levels of LH and FSH.
D. The female data would show monthly fluctuations of LH and FSH.
A. These hormones regulate gametogenesis and sex hormone production, so they play a pivotal role in puberty.
B. FSH and LH trigger higher testosterone production in males and higher estrogen production in females.
D. The female data would show monthly fluctuations of LH and FSH.
A. These hormones regulate gametogenesis and sex hormone production, so they play a pivotal role in puberty.
B. FSH and LH trigger higher testosterone production in males and higher estrogen production in females.
D. The female data would show monthly fluctuations of LH and FSH.
To answer the question about why LH and FSH were chosen for this study, we can analyze the answer choices:
A. These hormones regulate gametogenesis and sex hormone production, so they play a pivotal role in puberty.
B. These hormones are only present in individuals undergoing puberty, so they provide a good indication of puberty.
C. These hormones directly cause puberty-related changes.
D. These hormones are the only ones that fluctuate with puberty while other hormones are unchanged.
Of these options, option A is the most accurate. LH (luteinizing hormone) and FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) are known to regulate gametogenesis (formation of gametes like eggs and sperm) and the production of sex hormones (like estrogen and testosterone). During puberty, these hormones play a crucial role in the development of secondary sexual characteristics and the maturation of the reproductive system. Therefore, option A is the logical reason why LH and FSH were chosen for this study.
Moving on to the question about why male and female signs of puberty differ:
A. Hormone levels increase for both of them, but LH levels increase more for males and less for females.
B. FSH and LH trigger higher testosterone production in males and higher estrogen production in females.
C. FSH and LH promote a positive feedback loop in females and a negative feedback look in males.
D. Reproductive systems of males and females have a different origin in development, and the cells within them therefore respond differently to the hormones.
The most accurate option here is option D. The reproductive systems of males and females have different origins in development. Because of this, the cells within these systems respond differently to the hormones. This is why male and female signs of puberty differ. While both males and females experience increases in FSH and LH levels, the effects on their respective reproductive systems differ due to their different developmental origins.
Lastly, let's consider how the data would look different if the data collection process was conducted on a daily basis:
A. The male data would show daily drops in LH and FSH associated with food consumption.
B. The female data would show compensation for LH drops with increases in FSH and vice versa.
C. The male data would show higher levels of testosterone corresponding to lower levels of LH and FSH.
D. The female data would show monthly fluctuations of LH and FSH.
The most likely option here is option D. In females, LH and FSH levels fluctuate in a monthly cycle known as the menstrual cycle. This cycle is associated with ovulation and the preparation of the uterus for potential pregnancy. Therefore, if the data collection was conducted on a daily basis, the female data would show these monthly fluctuations of LH and FSH.
I hope this explanation helps you understand the reasoning behind each answer choice!