What aspect of physical geography most influence of development of city states in Greece
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The aspect of physical geography that had the most influence on the development of city-states in Greece was the rugged and mountainous terrain. Greece is characterized by its numerous mountains and valleys, which divided the land into isolated regions. Here's how this geography influenced the development of city-states:
1. Geographic Isolation: The mountains and valleys in Greece created natural barriers that isolated communities from one another. This led to the formation of independent city-states, as it was difficult for communities to interact and unite under a centralized government.
2. Limited Agricultural Land: The mountainous terrain of Greece made it challenging to cultivate large areas of land. As a result, agricultural plots were typically small and limited in their capacity to sustain a large population. This scarcity of fertile land encouraged Greeks to establish self-sufficient and closely-knit city-states to manage their resources more effectively.
3. Maritime Opportunities: Despite the limited arable land, the Greeks had access to the sea due to the long coastline and numerous islands. This encouraged city-states to engage in maritime activities, such as trade and maritime exploration. The sea became crucial for connecting city-states, facilitating trade, and spreading Greek culture.
4. Defense and Warfare: The mountainous landscape of Greece provided natural fortifications for the city-states. The rugged terrain made it challenging for invading armies to navigate and conquer regions easily. This allowed city-states to maintain their independence and develop their own political systems and governments.
In summary, the rugged and mountainous terrain of Greece influenced the development of city-states by promoting geographic isolation, limiting agricultural land, facilitating maritime opportunities, and providing natural defense mechanisms. These factors contributed to the formation of independent and self-governed city-states in ancient Greece.