Read the summary.
In the beginning, the Crusades had been about protecting Christians from the Saracens and reclaiming the city of Jerusalem (1). But in later Crusades, the Church began declaring holy wars on European land (2). For example, the Albigensian Crusade took place entirely within France (3). The Albigensian Crusade was the fight by the Catholic Church against the Moors to reclaim France from Muslim control (4).
Which critiques the factual accuracy of the summary?
a.While parts (3) and (4) are accurate, parts (1) and (2) need revision.
b.While parts (2), (3), and (4) are accurate, part (1) needs revision.
c.While parts (1) and (2) are accurate, parts (3) and (4) need revision.
d.While parts (1), (2), and (3) are accurate, part (4) needs revision.
And you think … ?
To determine which critiques the factual accuracy of the summary, let's review each part of the summary:
(1) The statement that the Crusades were about protecting Christians from the Saracens and reclaiming the city of Jerusalem is accurate. The Crusades were initially launched as military campaigns by Western Christians to regain control of holy sites in the Eastern Mediterranean, including Jerusalem, from Muslim rule.
(2) The statement that later Crusades involved the Church declaring holy wars on European land is accurate. As the Crusades progressed, some of them deviated from their original purpose and turned into attempts by the Church to suppress heresy within Europe or expand its influence.
(3) The statement that the Albigensian Crusade took place entirely within France is accurate. The Albigensian Crusade was indeed a military campaign waged by the Catholic Church against the Cathars, a religious group considered heretical, in the region of Languedoc in southern France.
(4) The statement that the Albigensian Crusade was fought by the Catholic Church against the Moors to reclaim France from Muslim control is not accurate. The Albigensian Crusade was not against the Moors but against the Cathars, who were not Muslims.
Based on this analysis, we can see that option (d) is the correct answer. While parts (1), (2), and (3) are accurate, part (4) needs revision since it contains incorrect information.