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1. How would a weaker jet stream help to cause extreme flooding?

a. It would allow storm systems to stall in an area.
b. It would cause increased evaporation.
c. It would create thicker clouds.
d. It would create high winds that move storm systems.

2. What would happen if some of the world’s countries broke the Montreal Protocol and industry began manufacturing and using chlorofluorocarbons again? In 3–5 sentences, describe the effect of this action on Earth’s atmosphere and surface.

no and no

1. To determine how a weaker jet stream would help cause extreme flooding, we can analyze each option listed.

a. A weaker jet stream could allow storm systems to stall in an area because they would lack the strong winds needed to move them along, resulting in prolonged rainfall and potential flooding.
b. While a weaker jet stream would not directly cause increased evaporation, it could contribute to increased moisture in the atmosphere due to prolonged storm systems, potentially leading to heavier rainfall and subsequent flooding.
c. A weaker jet stream would not directly create thicker clouds, but it could allow storm systems to linger in an area, potentially resulting in cloud build-up and heavier rainfall, contributing to flooding.
d. A weaker jet stream would not create high winds that move storm systems; in fact, it is the opposite. Therefore, this option is incorrect.

Considering the above analysis, the correct answer is option a. A weaker jet stream would allow storm systems to stall in an area, potentially leading to extreme flooding.

2. If some countries were to break the Montreal Protocol and resume manufacturing and using chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), it would have significant effects on Earth's atmosphere and surface. CFCs are known to be ozone-depleting substances, so their release into the atmosphere would lead to the destruction of the ozone layer. This would result in increased UV radiation reaching the Earth's surface, leading to a range of consequences such as increased skin cancer rates, harm to ecosystems, and damage to crops.

Furthermore, the increase in CFCs would also contribute to climate change. These substances have potent greenhouse effects, meaning they trap heat in the atmosphere and exacerbate global warming. This would lead to rising temperatures, more frequent and severe heatwaves, disrupted weather patterns, and potentially irreversible changes to ecosystems and sea levels.

In summary, if some countries broke the Montreal Protocol and resumed using CFCs, it would have detrimental effects on both the ozone layer and climate change, with negative implications for human health, ecosystems, and the overall stability of the planet.

Scientists have observed that the reduced temperature difference between the North Pole and tropics is associated with slower west-to-east jet stream movement and a greater north-south dip in its path. This pattern causes storms to stall and intensify, rather than move away as they normally used to do. At midlatitudes, more extreme weather results from this new pattern, including droughts, floods, colds spells, and heat waves.

Without the Montreal Protocol, the ozone layer would deteriorate. This would cause more UV to hit Earth's surface. Heating up the surface along with the atmosphere. This increase in radiation would cause cancer, and kill most plants and animals. All life would die with the exception of deep-sea organisms.