Please let me know if I am understanding this correctly thank you.

So when they asking if " this is a potent source are they asking if the source is strong?

C. Is this source potent? Yes

D. Why does this make it a good source? This makes a good source because it can be backed up with evidence

Yes, "potent" means powerful or strong.

Is the source backed up with evidence? or does the source include sufficient evidence to back up its own claims? There's a difference.