how many cubic cm hydrogen chloride gas at s.t.p would be required to precipitate all the silver ions from 32 cm of 0.08 M silver nitric solution?
You really should be more careful in writing these problems. cc or cm^3 and not cm. silver nitrate solution and not silver nitric, etc.
HCl + AgNO3 ==> AgCl + HNO3
mols AgNO3 = M x L = ?
mols HCl = mols AgNO3
Convert mols HCl to volume using PV = nRT. The answer will be in L, convert to mL or cc.
mols HCl = mols AgNO3
To find out how many cubic centimeters (cm³) of hydrogen chloride (HCl) gas at standard temperature and pressure (STP) would be required to precipitate all the silver ions from a given volume and concentration of silver nitrate (AgNO₃) solution, we need to follow a step-by-step process:
Step 1: Determine the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between silver nitrate (AgNO₃) and hydrogen chloride (HCl) to form silver chloride (AgCl) precipitate.
The balanced equation is: AgNO₃ + HCl → AgCl + HNO₃
Step 2: Write down the stoichiometric ratio between AgNO₃ and HCl.
From the balanced equation, we can see that the ratio between AgNO₃ and HCl is 1:1. This means that 1 mole of AgNO₃ reacts with 1 mole of HCl.
Step 3: Calculate the number of moles of AgNO₃.
To find the number of moles of AgNO₃, we use the formula:
Moles = Concentration (M) x Volume (L)
Given:
Concentration of AgNO₃ = 0.08 M
Volume of AgNO₃ = 32 cm³ (cm³ and mL can be considered equivalent for this calculation)
Converting cm³ to liters:
1 cm³ = 1 mL = 0.001 L
Volume of AgNO₃ = 32 cm³ x 0.001 L/cm³ = 0.032 L
Moles of AgNO₃ = 0.08 M x 0.032 L = 0.00256 mol
Step 4: Calculate the volume of HCl gas required.
Since the stoichiometric ratio between AgNO₃ and HCl is 1:1, the number of moles of HCl required is also 0.00256 mol.
To find the volume of HCl gas at STP, we need to use the ideal gas law equation:
PV = nRT
At STP, P = 1 atm, T = 273.15 K, and R = 0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K)
Rearranging the ideal gas law equation, we have:
V = nRT/P
V = (0.00256 mol) x (0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K)) x (273.15 K) / (1 atm)
V ≈ 0.057 L
To convert the volume from liters to cm³:
1 L = 1000 cm³
Volume of HCl gas = 0.057 L x 1000 = 57 cm³
Therefore, approximately 57 cm³ of hydrogen chloride gas at STP would be required to precipitate all the silver ions from 32 cm³ of 0.08 M silver nitrate solution.