A 0.1 M NaOH solution is used for holder 50, or ml of a 0.100 M solution of acetic acid.
Calculate the pH of the solution after the addition of 50.0 ml of sodium hydroxide
To calculate the pH of the solution after the addition of 50.0 mL of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to a 50 mL solution of acetic acid (CH3COOH), you need to consider the reaction that occurs between the two.
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between NaOH and CH3COOH is:
CH3COOH + NaOH -> CH3COONa + H2O
In this reaction, NaOH reacts with CH3COOH to form sodium acetate (CH3COONa) and water (H2O).
First, let's determine the amount of acetic acid that reacts with the sodium hydroxide. To do this, we'll use the equation:
n(CH3COOH) = C(CH3COOH) × V(CH3COOH)
Where:
n(CH3COOH) is the number of moles of acetic acid
C(CH3COOH) is the concentration of acetic acid (0.100 M)
V(CH3COOH) is the volume of acetic acid solution (50 mL)
n(CH3COOH) = 0.100 M × 0.050 L = 0.005 mol
Since the balanced equation shows that the reaction between acetic acid and sodium hydroxide occurs in a 1:1 ratio, we know that 0.005 moles of acetic acid react with 0.005 moles of sodium hydroxide.
Now, let's find the concentration of the remaining sodium hydroxide after the reaction. We'll use the equation:
C(NaOH) = n(NaOH) / V(NaOH - CH3COOH)
Where:
C(NaOH) is the concentration of sodium hydroxide after the reaction
n(NaOH) is the number of moles of sodium hydroxide (0.005 mol)
V(NaOH - CH3COOH) is the total volume of the solution after the addition of sodium hydroxide (50 + 50 mL = 100 mL = 0.100 L)
C(NaOH) = 0.005 mol / 0.100 L = 0.050 M
Now, we have the concentration of the remaining sodium hydroxide. To calculate the pH, we'll use the fact that sodium hydroxide is a strong base and dissociates completely in water to produce hydroxide ions (OH-).
Since the concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-) is equal to the concentration of the remaining sodium hydroxide (0.050 M), we can calculate the pOH using the equation:
pOH = -log10 (C(OH-))
pOH = -log10 (0.050) = 1.30
Finally, to find the pH, we'll use the fact that pH + pOH = 14:
pH = 14 - pOH = 14 - 1.30 = 12.70
Therefore, the pH of the solution after the addition of 50.0 mL of sodium hydroxide is 12.70.