Assume an organic compound has a partition coefficient between water and diethyl ether equal to 7.33. If there are initially 9.81 grams of the compound dissolved in 100.0 mL of water, how many grams will remain in the aqueous layer after extraction with one 30.0 mL portion of ether?
This link is helpful:
http://chemistry.csudh.edu/faculty/noel/CHE317L/Extraction%20Experiment.htm
read up to X = 8.0 grams of A extracted into the ether.
For your question, you would subtract x from 9.81g after you solve for x.
To solve this problem, we need to understand the concept of partition coefficient and the principles of extraction.
1. Partition coefficient (P) is a measure of how a compound distributes itself between two immiscible solvents, in this case, water and diethyl ether. It is defined as the ratio of the concentration of the compound in one solvent to the concentration of the compound in the other solvent at equilibrium.
2. In this problem, we are given that the partition coefficient between water and diethyl ether is 7.33. This means that for every 7.33 grams of the compound in water, 1 gram of the compound is in diethyl ether at equilibrium.
3. We are also given that initially, there are 9.81 grams of the compound dissolved in 100.0 mL of water. Let's denote the amount of compound in water as "W."
4. After the extraction with one 30.0 mL portion of ether, some of the compound will move from the water layer to the ether layer, establishing a new equilibrium.
5. To determine how much compound remains in the aqueous layer after the extraction, we need to calculate the amount of compound that moved to the ether layer. Let's denote the amount of compound in the ether layer as "E."
6. Since the partition coefficient is 7.33, for every 7.33 grams of the compound in water, 1 gram will be in diethyl ether at equilibrium. Therefore, the amount of compound that moved to the ether layer is (W/7.33) grams.
7. The remaining amount of compound in the aqueous layer after the extraction can be calculated by subtracting the amount of compound in the ether layer from the initial amount of compound in water:
Remaining amount in the aqueous layer = Initial amount in water - Amount in ether layer
= W - (W/7.33)
8. Now, let's substitute the given values into the equation to find the solution:
W = 9.81 grams (given)
Remaining amount in the aqueous layer = 9.81 - (9.81/7.33) grams
Calculating the solution:
Remaining amount in the aqueous layer = 9.81 - (9.81/7.33)
= 8.06 grams (rounded to two decimal places)
Therefore, after extraction with one 30.0 mL portion of ether, approximately 8.06 grams of the compound will remain in the aqueous layer.