what is the implied power expressed by the necessary and proper clause in the constitution

a. congress's ability to make laws is severely limited by the constitution
b. congress is given limited authority to interpret reserved powers
c. congress must follow a congrete interpretation of the constitution
d. congress can make any law that it deems appropriate
a.

It looks to me as though b. is the correct answer.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Necessary-and-proper_clause

The implied power expressed by the Necessary and Proper Clause in the Constitution is option (d) - Congress can make any law that it deems appropriate.

To arrive at this answer, it is important to understand the concept of the Necessary and Proper Clause in the Constitution. The Necessary and Proper Clause, also known as the "Elastic Clause," is found in Article I, Section 8, Clause 18 of the United States Constitution.

The Necessary and Proper Clause states that Congress has the power to make all laws necessary and proper for carrying out its enumerated powers. This clause provides Congress with the authority to pass laws that are not explicitly mentioned in the Constitution but are essential to the effective exercise of its other powers.

By granting Congress the power to make laws that are necessary and proper, the Constitution gives Congress flexibility in its legislative actions and enables it to adapt to changing circumstances. This implied power grants Congress the authority to enact laws that might not be specifically mentioned in the Constitution but are deemed appropriate to achieve the overall objectives outlined in the Constitution, such as regulating interstate commerce or establishing a national bank.

Therefore, the correct answer is (d) Congress can make any law that it deems appropriate based on the implied power expressed by the Necessary and Proper Clause in the Constitution.