A chemical plant uses electrical energy to decompose aqueous solutions of NaCl to give Cl2,H2, and NaOH:
2NaCl(aq)+2H2O(l)-->2NaOH(aq)+H2(g)+Cl2(g)
If the plant produces 1.1×10^6 kg (1100 metric tons) of daily, estimate the quantities of H2 produced.
If the plant produces 1.1×10^6 kg (1100 metric tons) of Cl2 daily, estimate the quantities of NaOH produced.
To estimate the quantities of H2 and NaOH produced, we need to calculate the stoichiometric ratios between the reactants and the products using the balanced chemical equation.
First, we need to determine the moles of NaCl used in the reaction.
1. Calculate the molar mass of NaCl:
Molar mass of Na = 22.99 g/mol
Molar mass of Cl = 35.45 g/mol
Molar mass of NaCl = (22.99 g/mol) + (35.45 g/mol) = 58.44 g/mol
2. Convert the given mass of NaCl to moles:
Moles of NaCl = Mass of NaCl / Molar mass of NaCl
Moles of NaCl = 1.1×10^6 kg / 58.44 g/mol = 1.882×10^7 mol
Next, we can use the stoichiometric ratios to determine the quantities of H2 and NaOH produced.
1. Calculate the mole ratio between H2 and NaCl from the balanced chemical equation:
From the balanced chemical equation: 2 moles of NaCl produce 1 mole of H2
Moles of H2 = (1.882×10^7 mol NaCl) × (1 mol H2 / 2 mol NaCl)
Moles of H2 = 9.41×10^6 mol
2. Calculate the molar mass of H2:
Molar mass of H2 = 2.02 g/mol
3. Convert the moles of H2 to mass:
Mass of H2 = Moles of H2 × Molar mass of H2
Mass of H2 = (9.41×10^6 mol) × (2.02 g/mol) = 1.900×10^7 g
Therefore, the estimated quantity of H2 produced daily is 1.900×10^7 grams or 19,000 metric tons.
To calculate the quantities of NaOH produced, we can follow a similar process.
1. Calculate the mole ratio between NaOH and NaCl from the balanced chemical equation:
From the balanced chemical equation: 2 moles of NaCl produce 2 moles of NaOH
Moles of NaOH = (1.882×10^7 mol NaCl) × (2 mol NaOH / 2 mol NaCl)
Moles of NaOH = 1.882×10^7 mol
2. Calculate the molar mass of NaOH:
Molar mass of Na = 22.99 g/mol
Molar mass of O = 16.00 g/mol
Molar mass of H = 1.01 g/mol
Molar mass of NaOH = (22.99 g/mol) + (16.00 g/mol) + (1.01 g/mol) = 40.00 g/mol
3. Convert the moles of NaOH to mass:
Mass of NaOH = Moles of NaOH × Molar mass of NaOH
Mass of NaOH = (1.882×10^7 mol) × (40.00 g/mol) = 7.528×10^8 g
Therefore, the estimated quantity of NaOH produced daily is 7.528×10^8 grams or 752,800 metric tons.