Can you please help me with some and check my answers? Thanxs!
3.Which is stronger, the electrical force between an electron and a proton or the gravitational force between these particles?
-I got that the electrical force between an electron and a proton.
6.Two charges separated by one meter exert 1-N forces on each other. If the charges are pulled to a 3-m separation distance what will the force on each charge be?
-This is one I don't understand, my teacher says its suppose to be a ratio problem.
13.
Atomic physicists ignore the effect of gravity within an atom. To see why, calculate and compare the gravitational and electrical forces between an electron and a proton separated by 10^-10m?
-I got: 1.0162796 x 10^-47 and 7.620497955 x 10^-7
To get the answers I got, I used the mass of the proton and mass of the electron.
21. How does one Coulomb of charge compare to the charge on an electron? How do you think such a large difference arose historically?
-This one I don't understand.
3, 13 are correct.
6. The force is prop to 1/r2
if r changes by 3, the factor 1/r2 changes by 1/9 so moving the distance from 1 to 3 reduces the force to 1/9 th what it was.
21. The ampere was defined well before the e value was known.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coulomb
Sure, I'd be happy to help and check your answers! Let's go through each question one by one:
3. Which is stronger, the electrical force between an electron and a proton, or the gravitational force between these particles?
To determine which force is stronger, we need to compare their magnitudes. The electrical force between two charged particles is given by Coulomb's law, which states that the force is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. On the other hand, the gravitational force between two particles is given by Newton's law of universal gravitation, which states that the force is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
In the case of an electron and a proton, the electrical force is significantly stronger than the gravitational force. The charge of an electron is equal in magnitude but opposite in sign to the charge of a proton, whereas the masses of an electron and a proton are quite different. Hence, the electrical force dominates in this scenario.
6. Two charges separated by one meter exert 1-N forces on each other. If the charges are pulled to a 3-m separation distance, what will the force on each charge be?
This problem can be solved using a concept known as inverse square law. According to the inverse square law, if the distance between two charges is tripled, the force between them decreases by a factor of 9 (3^2). Since the initial force is 1 N and the distance is tripled from 1 meter to 3 meters, the new force on each charge will be 1/9 of the original force. Therefore, the force on each charge will be 1/9 N.
13. Atomic physicists ignore the effect of gravity within an atom. To see why, calculate and compare the gravitational and electrical forces between an electron and a proton separated by 10^-10 m?
To calculate the gravitational force, we use Newton's law of universal gravitation and substitute the masses of the electron and proton, and the separation distance. To calculate the electrical force, we use Coulomb's law and substitute the charges of the electron and proton, and the separation distance.
Using the known values for the masses and charges of an electron and proton, the gravitational force between them is extremely small (around 1.0162796 x 10^-47 N), while the electrical force is much larger (approximately 7.620497955 x 10^-7 N). This vast difference in magnitude between the two forces is why atomic physicists tend to ignore the effect of gravity within an atom.
21. How does one Coulomb of charge compare to the charge on an electron? How do you think such a large difference arose historically?
One Coulomb of charge is equal to the charge of approximately 6.242 × 10^18 electrons. In other words, one Coulomb of charge is equivalent to a large number of electrons.
The disparity in charge between one Coulomb and an electron exists historically because the concept of electric charge predates the discovery of electrons. When the concept of electric charge was first defined, it was not known that charge was quantized, meaning that it exists in discrete units. It was only later discovered by J.J. Thomson that the smallest unit of charge is that of an electron. Therefore, the charge on one electron (which we now know to be approximately -1.602 × 10^-19 Coulombs) is significantly smaller compared to one Coulomb of charge.