How is pteridophyte life cycle different from that of bryophyte
The main difference between the life cycle of pteridophytes and bryophytes lies in their reproductive structures and modes of reproduction.
Pteridophytes, which include ferns, have a more advanced life cycle compared to bryophytes. They have well-developed vascular tissue, allowing them to grow taller and have larger leaves. Pteridophytes reproduce through spores, which are produced in structures called sporangia located on the underside of their fronds. The spores germinate into a tiny, heart-shaped structure called a gametophyte, which produces both male and female gametes. Fertilization occurs when the male gametes swim to the female gametes, forming a zygote that develops into a new sporophyte plant.
On the other hand, bryophytes, which include mosses and liverworts, have a more primitive life cycle. They lack vascular tissue, so they are limited in size and are usually found in damp, shaded areas. Bryophytes reproduce through spores as well, but their spores are produced in specialized structures called sporangia or sporophytes located on the gametophyte plant. The sporophytes are dependent on the gametophyte for nutrients and support. The male and female gametes are produced on separate gametophytes, and fertilization occurs when water helps bring the male gametes to the female gametes.
Overall, the main difference between pteridophytes and bryophytes lies in their reproductive structures and methods of reproduction, with pteridophytes having a more advanced and independent life cycle compared to bryophytes.