A longitudinal wave moves:

a. up and down
b. in a s-wave motion
c. left and right horizontal in direction
d. all of the above

d. all of the above

A longitudinal wave moves by causing particles of the medium to vibrate or oscillate in the same direction as the wave is moving. This can appear as an up and down motion, an s-wave motion, or a left and right horizontal direction depending on the specific characteristics of the wave.