What are the different types of hydraulic jumps and how do they differ in terms of energy dissipation and geometry
There are two main types of hydraulic jumps - subcritical and supercritical.
1. Subcritical hydraulic jump: In a subcritical hydraulic jump, the flow velocity is higher upstream of the jump than downstream. This type of jump typically occurs when the flow transitions from supercritical to subcritical conditions. The energy dissipation in a subcritical jump is lower than in a supercritical jump, and the geometry of the jump is smooth and gradual.
2. Supercritical hydraulic jump: In a supercritical hydraulic jump, the flow velocity is higher downstream of the jump than upstream. This type of jump typically occurs when the flow transitions from subcritical to supercritical conditions. The energy dissipation in a supercritical jump is higher than in a subcritical jump, and the geometry of the jump is steep and abrupt.
In summary, subcritical hydraulic jumps have lower energy dissipation and more gradual geometry, while supercritical hydraulic jumps have higher energy dissipation and steeper geometry.