"But no person who was, on January 1, 1866, or at any time prior thereto, entitled to vote under any form of government, or who at that time resided in some foreign nation, and no lineal descendant of such person, shall be denied the right to register and vote because of his inability to so read and write sections of such constitution."

we have difficulty in finding words to more clearly demonstrate the conviction we entertain that this standard has the characteristics which the government attributes to it than does the more statement of the text. It is true it contains no express words of an exclusion from the standard which it establishes of any person or account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude prohibited by the Fifteenth Amendment, but the standard itself inherently brings that result into existence since it is based purely upon a period of time before the enactment of the Fifteenth Amendment and makes that period the controlling and dominant test of the right of suffrage."
-Guinn v. United States, 1915

use the passage to answer the question.
Which voting practice did the Supreme Court decision address?
a grandfather clause
b poll tax
c literacy test
d jim crow laws

a. grandfather clause

The passage specifically mentions a clause that denies the right to register and vote based on the inability to read and write sections of a constitution, but exempts those who were entitled to vote before a certain date or were living in a foreign nation at that time. This type of clause is commonly known as a grandfather clause.