.Example: How do you prepare 1.0 M of H2SO4 from concentrated sulphuric acid having %(w/w)=98%, ρ=1.84 g/mL, and Molecular weight = 98 g/mol in 1 L volume?
To prepare 1.0 M of H2SO4 from concentrated sulphuric acid, we need to calculate the volume of concentrated sulphuric acid required and then dilute it to the desired concentration.
Step 1: Calculate the molarity of the concentrated sulphuric acid
Since the concentrated sulphuric acid has a concentration of 98% (w/w), we can assume that 1 L of the solution contains 980 g of sulphuric acid.
The molecular weight of H2SO4 is 98 g/mol.
Therefore, the number of moles of H2SO4 in 1 L of the concentrated solution = 980 g / 98 g/mol = 10 moles
The molarity of the concentrated sulphuric acid = 10 moles / 1 L = 10 M
Step 2: Calculate the volume of concentrated sulphuric acid required to prepare 1.0 M solution
Since the concentrated sulphuric acid is 10 M, we can calculate the volume required to make a 1.0 M solution.
M1V1 = M2V2
10 M * V1 = 1.0 M * 1 L
V1 = 0.1 L
Step 3: Dilute the concentrated sulphuric acid
Measure 100 mL (0.1 L) of the concentrated sulphuric acid in a volumetric flask and add distilled water to bring the total volume to 1 L.
Your 1.0 M H2SO4 solution is now ready for use.