Which of the following are examples of correlation, and which are examples of causation?
correlation
causation
When obese individuals are put on a diet for 52 weeks, the proportion of Firmicutes bacteria in the gut decreases whereas the proportion of Bacteroidetes bacteria increases.
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Obese individuals have a significantly greater number of Firmicutes bacteria in their gut compared to lean individuals.
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Cancer rates in developing nations are lower than in developed nations.
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When lean individuals receive a transplant of bacteria from an obese individual (containing a high proportion of Firmicutes bacteria), they become obese.
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correlation
causation
correlation
causation