A chestnut-colored (red-colored) horse is mated with a cremello (cream-colored) horse. Over a 10-year period, all of their offspring are palominos (gold-colored). This pattern of inheritance is best explained by

a. complete dominance.
b. incomplete dominance.
c. environmental effects on genes.
d. multiple gene effects.

b. incomplete dominance.

In incomplete dominance, the phenotype of the heterozygote is intermediate between the phenotypes of the two homozygotes. In this case, the palomino color is a result of the blending of the chestnut and cremello colors.