1)Explain 5 contributions of harambee to the national development in Kenya
2)Discuss 5 impact of national philosophies in the development of kenya
1) Contributions of Harambee to National Development in Kenya:
a) Community Development: Harambee is a traditional Kenyan practice of community self-help and fundraising for various development projects. It has been instrumental in mobilizing resources and manpower for projects such as building schools, hospitals, roads, and other infrastructure in rural areas, which has significantly contributed to the overall development of these communities.
b) Social Cohesion: Harambee promotes the spirit of unity and solidarity among Kenyans, regardless of tribe, ethnicity, or social status. This sense of togetherness fosters collaboration and cooperation, leading to successful implementation of development projects and initiatives.
c) Economic Growth: Harambee has played a crucial role in mobilizing financial resources for national development efforts. By encouraging individuals, businesses, and organizations to contribute towards various projects, Harambee has helped in boosting economic growth and creating employment opportunities across the country.
d) Education: Harambee has been particularly influential in supporting education initiatives in Kenya. It has enabled the construction of schools, provision of scholarships, and other educational resources, ultimately contributing to the improvement of literacy levels and educational outcomes in the country.
e) Civic Participation: Harambee promotes active citizenship and encourages individuals to take part in decision-making processes and development activities within their communities. This has empowered citizens to play a more active role in shaping the development agenda of the country, leading to more inclusive and sustainable development outcomes.
2) Impact of National Philosophies on the Development of Kenya:
a) Pan-Africanism: The philosophy of Pan-Africanism, which calls for unity and cooperation among African nations, has influenced Kenya's foreign policy and economic development strategies. By promoting regional integration and collaboration with other African countries, Kenya has been able to enhance trade, investment, and diplomatic relations, leading to mutual benefits and shared prosperity.
b) Harambee: As mentioned earlier, the philosophy of Harambee has had a significant impact on Kenya's development by promoting community self-help, social cohesion, and economic empowerment. It has helped in fostering a sense of national identity and pride, which has contributed to the overall progress and prosperity of the country.
c) Ujamaa: The concept of Ujamaa, which emphasizes collective responsibility and social solidarity, has influenced various development initiatives in Kenya, particularly in the areas of agriculture, land reform, and social welfare. By promoting communal ownership and resource sharing, Ujamaa has helped in addressing issues of poverty, inequality, and social justice in the country.
d) African Socialism: The philosophy of African socialism, as advocated by leaders such as Julius Nyerere and Tom Mboya, has influenced Kenya's economic policies and social programs. By emphasizing the importance of public ownership, social welfare, and economic equality, African socialism has shaped the development agenda of Kenya, leading to the establishment of institutions and programs aimed at promoting social justice and economic empowerment.
e) Devolution: The philosophy of devolution, which advocates for decentralization of power and resources to the grassroots level, has had a significant impact on Kenya's development by promoting local governance, community participation, and accountability. Through the implementation of devolution, Kenya has been able to empower local communities, promote inclusive development, and address regional disparities and inequalities effectively.