DESCRIBE THE METHOD pARAMECIUM USES TO ACQUIRE NUTRIENTS SUCH AS YEAST
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When Paramecium comes in contact with bacteria, rows of cilia lining the oral groove move the food down to the end of the groove where it becomes engulfed in a food vacuole by the process of phagocytosis. Food vacuoles created in this way merge with the cell's lysosomes which dump in enzymes to digest the bacteria. Food vacuoles circulate within Paramecium moving first to the anterior end and then to the posterior end. In the photo to the left, several paramecia feed on a large cluster of filamentous bacteria.
To acquire nutrients, such as yeast, Paramecium uses a feeding method called phagocytosis. Here is a step-by-step description of how Paramecium acquires yeast as a nutrient:
1. Capture: Paramecium uses its cilia to create currents of water around its body. This helps in capturing small food particles, such as yeast, present in the water.
2. Detection: Paramecium has specialized structures called oral grooves, which are lined with cilia. These cilia help to create a vortex in the water, bringing food particles towards the posterior end of the oral groove.
3. Engulfment: When a yeast particle is brought to the posterior end of the oral groove, Paramecium extends its cytoplasmic tube, called the cytostome, towards the particle.
4. Enclosure: The cytostome surrounds the yeast particle and forms a food vacuole around it. This vacuole is initially small but gradually enlarges as more food particles are engulfed by the cytostome.
5. Digestion: The food vacuole containing the yeast particle moves within the cytoplasm of Paramecium. Along the way, digestive enzymes are secreted into the vacuole to break down the yeast into smaller molecules that can be absorbed.
6. Absorption: Once the yeast is broken down, the nutrients are absorbed through the vacuole membrane into the cytoplasm of Paramecium.
7. Waste elimination: After digestion and absorption, the remaining waste materials are expelled from the cell through an pore located on the posterior end of Paramecium.
This process of phagocytosis allows Paramecium to acquire nutrients from various sources, including yeast, to meet its nutritional requirements.
To understand how Paramecium acquires nutrients such as yeast, you can refer to the following link:
http://ebiomedia.com/gall/classics/Paramecium/paramecium2.html
This link contains information on Paramecium and its feeding behavior, describing the method it uses to acquire nutrients.