A student claims that viruses are alive because they have genetic material and can reproduce

The statement made by the student is partially correct. Viruses do contain genetic material (either DNA or RNA) that allows them to replicate and reproduce, but they lack the essential characteristics that define living organisms. Viruses cannot carry out metabolic processes on their own, do not possess cellular structure, and rely on host cells to reproduce. Therefore, viruses are considered obligate intracellular parasites rather than living organisms.