how does

2+12=1
168=1
1-60=23
C=lx+xl
25-60=1
and what are these types of equations called?

Although this is not my specific area of expertise, unless you have typos, I would call all but the fourth one "wrong."

168=1 means that there are 168 hours in 1 week

The given equations do not seem to be accurate or follow conventional mathematical rules. They contain statements that do not align with the standard arithmetic operations. Let's analyze and clarify each equation:

1. 2 + 12 = 1: This equation is not correct. The sum of 2 and 12 is 14, not 1.

2. 168 = 1: Similarly, this equation is also incorrect. The number 168 is not equal to 1.

3. 1 - 60 = 23: Again, this equation is incorrect. The result of subtracting 60 from 1 is -59, not 23.

4. C = lx + xl: This equation is not a standard mathematical equation, as it doesn't follow conventional notation. Without proper context or definitions for the variables, it is challenging to determine the intended meaning.

5. 25 - 60 = 1: Once more, this equation is incorrect. The result of subtracting 60 from 25 is -35, not 1.

The equations you provided seem to be either incorrect or non-standard representations of arithmetic expressions. Consequently, they cannot be classified under any specific type of equation. If you have accurate equations or further context, I'll be happy to assist you in understanding them.