Question 13
Which of the following is the BEST explanation of the role of DNA and RNA in making proteins?
Protein Folding on Make a GIF
a
DNA unwinds into two separate strands, and a complementary copy of each is produced during replication. During transcription, a DNA strand is used to produce a complementary strand of mRNA, with uracil taking the place of adenine. During translation, each base in the mRNA results in an amino acid being added to a chain, and a protein is formed.
b
DNA unwinds into two separate strands, and a complementary copy of each is produced during replication. During transcription, a DNA strand is used to produce a complementary strand of mRNA, with uracil taking the place of thymine. During translation, each set of three bases in the mRNA results in an amino acid being added to a chain, and a protein is formed.
c
DNA unwinds into two separate strands, and an exact copy of each is produced during replication. During transcription, a DNA strand is copied to produce mRNA, which is an exact copy of the DNA strand except that uracil takes the place of thymine. During translation, each set of three bases in the mRNA results in a protein with a specialized function being formed.
d
DNA unwinds into two separate strands, and an exact copy of each is produced during replication. During translation, a DNA strand is used to produce a complementary strand of mRNA, with uracil taking the place of thymine. During transcription, each set of three codons in the mRNA results in an amino acid being added to a chain, and a protein is formed.
Question 14
A DNA strand that has the bases CTA GGT, has a complimentary strand with the bases ________.
a
AGC TTG
b
GAT CCA
c
GAU CCA
d
TCG AAC
Question 15
Match the words with the correct definition
Column A
1.
exon:
exon
2.
intron:
intron
3.
messenger RNA:
messenger RNA
4.
ribose sugar:
ribose sugar
5.
ribosomal RNA:
ribosomal RNA
6.
RNA polymerase:
RNA polymerase
7.
thymine:
thymine
8.
transfer RNA:
transfer RNA
9.
uracil:
uracil
10.
anticodon:
anticodon
11.
codon:
codon
Column B
a.A noncoding, intervening sequence of DNA within a gene that is transcribed into mRNA but is removed from the primary gene transcript and rapidly degraded during maturation of the RNA
b.a sugar of the pentose class which occurs widely in nature as a constituent of nucleosides and several vitamins and enzymes.
c.molecule in cells that forms part of the protein-synthesizing organelle known as a ribosome and that is exported to the cytoplasm to help translate the information in messenger RNA
d.a sequence of three nucleotides forming a unit of genetic code in a transfer RNA molecule, corresponding to a complementary codon in messenger RNA.
e.the form of RNA in which genetic information transcribed from DNA as a sequence of bases is transferred to a ribosome
f.a compound found in living tissue as a constituent base of RNA. In DNA its place is taken by thymine.
g.any part of a gene that will encode a part of the final mature RNA produced by that gene after introns have been removed by RNA splicing
h.an enzyme that is responsible for copying a DNA sequence into an RNA sequence, duyring the process of transcription.
i.a compound which is one of the four constituent bases of nucleic acids. A pyrimidine derivative, it is paired with adenine in double-stranded DNA.
j.a sequence of three nucleotides which together form a unit of genetic code in a DNA or RNA molecule.
Question 16
An error in Meiosis (or Mitosis) during anaphase which leading to the wrong number of chromosomes in the nucleus is called _______________.
What Is Anaphase in Cell Biology?
a
point mutation
b
segregation
c
nondisjunction
d
crossing over
Question 13: b - DNA unwinds into two separate strands, and a complementary copy of each is produced during replication. During transcription, a DNA strand is used to produce a complementary strand of mRNA, with uracil taking the place of thymine. During translation, each set of three bases in the mRNA results in an amino acid being added to a chain, and a protein is formed.
Question 14: b - GAT CCA
Question 15:
1 - g
2 - a
3 - e
4 - b
5 - c
6 - h
7 - f
8 - d
9 - i
10 - j
Question 16: c - nondisjunction