A quality control manager wants to determine the percentage of defective light bulbs in the production line which of the following sampling methods would most likely lead to a valid inference

Random sampling would likely lead to a valid inference in this situation. By randomly selecting light bulbs from the production line, the quality control manager can ensure that they are getting a representative sample of the overall population of light bulbs being produced. This will allow them to accurately estimate the percentage of defective bulbs in the production line.